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Sol-Gel Silica-Based Biomaterials and Bone Tissue Regeneration

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Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Abstract

The clinical treatment of many bone diseases and trauma requires a biomaterial behaving as scaffold that guides and favors the bone tissue regeneration. This is the main application of a family of silica-based glasses developed in the 1970s, denoted as bioactive because they are able to bond with bone. The beneficial effect of porosity and a surface rich in silanol groups in the bioactive response of glasses pushed in the 1990s to the synthesis of bioactive glasses by sol-gel. Gel-derived glasses exhibited an enhanced bioactive response and were suitable to process into fibers or coatings. A further improvement in the field took place in the 2000s when supramolecular chemistry principles were combined with sol-gel processing. The use of surfactants allowed obtaining glasses with ordered mesoporosity. Mesoporous bioactive glasses exhibited quicker bioactive response and great pore volumes able to host bone inductive substances. These glasses, processed into scaffolds with hierarchical porosity, including interconnected macroporosity, and enriched with different inorganic ions with therapeutical activity, are widely investigated because they are considered a promising tool in bone regenerative therapies. This chapter collects the state of the art and future trends of bioactive silica-based glasses for bone tissue regeneration applications.

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Acknowledgments

The authors deny any conflicts of interest. This study was supported by research grants from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, project MAT2015-64831-R, European Research Council (ERC-2015-AdG), Advanced Grant Verdi-694160, Agening Network of Excellence (CSO2010-11384-E), and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI15/00978).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Quimica Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre i + 12, Madrid, Spain

    María Vallet-Regí & Antonio J. Salinas

  2. Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain

    María Vallet-Regí & Antonio J. Salinas

Authors
  1. María Vallet-Regí
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  2. Antonio J. Salinas
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to María Vallet-Regí .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA

    Lisa Klein

  2. Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain

    Mario Aparicio

  3. Department of Chemistry, Lehman College, The City University of New York, Bronx, NY, USA

    Andrei Jitianu

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Vallet-Regí, M., Salinas, A.J. (2018). Sol-Gel Silica-Based Biomaterials and Bone Tissue Regeneration. In: Klein, L., Aparicio, M., Jitianu, A. (eds) Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32101-1_152

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