Abstract
The aims of the current study were to (i) investigate the allelopathic activity of aqueous extracts obtained from the shoots of 16 Festuca arundinacea genotypes and to identify those with the greatest inhibitory effect, (ii) to evaluate the allelopathic activity of the rhizospheric soil of F. arundinacea, under conditions of normal irrigation and severe drought stress, as well as investigating the allelopathic activity of F. arundinacea shoot residues in the soil, and (iii) to identify the allelopathic phenolic compounds present in the soil, directly caused by the activity of the roots or released from the shoots residues of F. arundinacea. The results obtained showed that the genotype, extract concentration, and the application of drought stress all significantly reduced the germination of Lactuca sativa. As the concentration of the extract increased, a corresponding decrease was observed in the seed germination and growth of the L. sativa seedlings. The highest concentration of the extract (100%) caused the greatest decrease in germination percentage (85%), shootlet length (72.9%), rootlet length (77.04%), and seedling dry weight (63.7%). Drought stress was shown to produce a marked increase in the allelopathic activity of the extracts. The extract obtained from the 23M genotype was shown to exhibit the most inhibitory effect upon the growth of L. sativa. HPLC analysis showed the presence of phenolic compounds in both the rhizosphere and F. arundinacea shoot residues. The identified compounds included p-coumaric acid, apigenin acid, ferulic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, and chlorogenic acid. The results show the presence of more phenolic compounds in the F. arundinacea plant residues compared to the rhizosphere. These data demonstrate the considerable diversity in allelopathic activity of the F. arundinacea genotypes tested, and that it may be feasible to select and breed this species for the purpose of allelopathic weed management.
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The authors greatly appreciate the personnel at the research field and lab facility of Agriculture College of Isfahan University of Technology for their assistance.
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Motalebnejad, M., Karimmojeni, H., Baldwin, T.C. et al. The Allelopathic Activity of Festuca arundinacea Shreb. Rhizospheric Soil Is Exacerbated Under Drought Stress. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 23, 5495–5512 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-023-01417-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-023-01417-x