Abstract
This study examines the production of metallized biochar as a cost-effective and sustainable adsorbent with a high carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake at ambient temperature. Leucaena wood (LW)-derived biochar was prepared at various pyrolysis temperatures (500, 700, and 900 °C) for 90 min. Among all, highly microporous LW biochar, pyrolyzed at 900 °C, showed the highest CO2 adsorption capacity of 52.18 mg/g at 30 °C, 1 bar This biochar was further impregnated with ammonium metavanadate solution at different concentrations (1, 3, 4, 5 and 8 wt%) and then heated at 500 °C to obtain vanadium oxide-deposited biochar. The metal deposition of 3 wt% increased the CO2 adsorption capacity of the biochar to 71.85 mg/g under the same adsorption conditions, which can be attributed to the significant contribution of vanadium oxide to CO2 chemisorption. Here, vanadium oxide could create oxygen vacancy on the LW surface which further react with CO2 in the atmosphere. Kinetic studies revealed that the Avrami model could accurately predict the CO2 adsorption behaviour, indicating both physisorption and chemisorption contributed to the adsorption. The activation energy for CO2 uptake was calculated at around − 8.04 kJ/mol. The sustainable performance of metallized biochar was demonstrated in several cycles of CO2 adsorption–desorption. In addition, this adsorbent showed high affinity towards CO2 over air, CH4 and N2. The results of this study present the prospective potential of this sustainable adsorbent for large-scale post-combustion CO2 capture.
Highlights
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Biochar was successfully derived from Leucaena wood at pyrolysis temperature of 900 °C with the highest adsorption capacity of 52.18 mg/g compared to the ones prepared at 700 °C (26.99 mg/g) and 500 °C (21.62 mg/g).
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After the incorporation of 3% vanadium loading (3% V-LW900), the adsorption capacity enhanced to 71.85 mg/g
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3% V-LW900 presented high affinity towards CO2 compared to air, nitrogen and methane with almost no efficiency lost after 11 cycles of adsorption–desorption tests.
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The datasets used and analyzed in the current study will be available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.
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This work has been funded by the Ministry of Education of Malaysia and Universiti Sains Malaysia under FRGS Grant (FRGS/1/2019/TK02/USM/01/3). The authors would like to thank Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) for the scholarship granted to the first author.
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NMA (PhD student): data collection, data analysis and first draft preparation; PL (Assistant Professor) and MM (Associate Professor): writing-review and editing; ARM (Professor) funding acquisition, resources and supervision; SIA (Postdoc fellow): data analysis.
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Amer, N.M., Lahijani, P., Mohammadi, M. et al. Woody Biomass-Derived Biochar Decorated with Vanadium Oxide as a Potential Adsorbent for CO2 Capture. Int J Environ Res 18, 43 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00605-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00605-6