Abstract
Several bio-waste materials have been used for the efficient decontamination of water pollutants. Besides, Populus nigra leaf (PNL) waste is a readily available biodegradable material, which has not been exploited as an adsorbent for water treatment. This research evaluated the potentials of PNL bio-waste as a low-cost sorbent for the decontamination of vegetable oil (VO) from simulated oil-polluted water. The bio-sorbent was characterized by the FTIR, SEM, EDX, TGA and BET techniques. The PNL characterizations revealed a porous structure possessing several functionalities exploited in the uptake of VO. The BET characterizations of PNL revealed a surface area of 16.85 m2/g, a pore diameter of 5.16 nm and a pore volume of 0.00631 cm3/g. The temperature (300–320 K), time (1.0–12.0 min) and oil concentration (200 – 1000 g/L) impacted the VO uptake on PNL, while the influence of pH (2.0–9.0) was insignificant. The pseudo-second-order (R2 > 0.9997) and Langmuir (R2 > 0.9845) models were best fitted to the kinetics and isotherm modeling, respectively, with a monolayer uptake of 2.382 g/g. The film diffusion and intraparticle diffusion mechanisms were both involved in the overall uptake of VO on PNL. The thermodynamic evaluation showed an exothermic (ΔH° = − 19.13 kJ/mol), spontaneous (ΔG° = − 2.4 to − 1.53 kJ/mol) and physical sorption, while 93.6% of the VO was recovered from the oil-loaded PNL using petroleum ether as eluent. Besides, the regenerated PNL sorbent exhibited great potential for reuse in the sorption of VO sorption, which proves the viability of the novel bio-waste for the treatment of oil-contaminated water.
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The authors acknowledge Dr. Lize Joubert of the Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa for the identification of the plant waste used in this research. The authors are also grateful for the postdoctoral support provided by the University.
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Kovo G. Akpomie was responsible for conceptualization, experiments, data analysis, writing and editing. Jeanet Conradie was involved in Supervision, review and editing.
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Akpomie, K.G., Conradie, J. Batch sorption of vegetable oil from simulated oil-polluted water onto Populus nigra leaf waste. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 20, 5377–5390 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04328-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04328-z