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A facile one-pot bioconversion of frying oil waste to single cell oils and related products using fungi via response surface methodology

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Abstract

Bio-valorization approach of frying oil waste (FOW) to exploit it in different ways to produce added-value compounds is attractive from an economic and ecological standpoint. The aim of the current study was to investigate the incorporation of FOW in the fungal culture medium in order to develop feasible products such as single cell oils (SCOs), lipase, and citric acid (CA). According to response surface methodology (RSM), three independent variables have a significant effect on lipase and lipid accumulation by Lichtheimia corymbifera, namely, FOW amount (15 mL/L), ammonium sulfate concentration (5 g/L), and pH (6.0). The contour plots and 3D surface responses show the significant interaction of FOW amount and pH with ammonium sulfate concentration during lipase production. At these conditions, SCOs, lipase, and CA were produced with percentages 1.55 g/L, 54.3 U/mL, and 4.93 g/L, respectively. Fatty acid profile of the produced SCOs includes unsaturated fatty acids (USFAs) higher than saturated fatty acids (SFAs), which were 56.27 and 43.17% respectively. Furthermore, the dominant SFA is palmitic acid (29.22%), while the dominant USFA is oleic acid (30.78%). In conclusion, this study succeeded in valorization of FOW for SCOs, lipase, and CA in a one batch.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would also like to acknowledge the facilities available at the Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, and National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt, for providing the necessary research facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt

    Amr H. Hashem & Abdelrahman M. Khattab

  2. Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Dokki, Egypt

    Mohamed Abdelraof

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  1. Amr H. Hashem
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  2. Abdelrahman M. Khattab
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  3. Mohamed Abdelraof
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Correspondence to Abdelrahman M. Khattab or Mohamed Abdelraof.

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Hashem, A.H., Khattab, A.M. & Abdelraof, M. A facile one-pot bioconversion of frying oil waste to single cell oils and related products using fungi via response surface methodology. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 16711–16721 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-02165-7

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