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Highly Performing MSM Type Ag/n-titanium Dioxide Nanotubes/p-Si Heterojunction Based Ultraviolet-A Photodetectors

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Abstract

Recently, heterojunction-based ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors (PDs) have found a wide range of applications in day-to-day life. The fabrication of these UV PD devices using high-k TiO2 nanostructures i.e. nanotubes (NTs) at low temperature processing steps in association with cost-effective deposition methods is crucial. In this work, Ag/n-TiO2NTs/p-Si heterojunction-based MSM UV PD devices were fabricated using hydrothermal, spin coating and e-beam evaporation methods. The structural, chemical, optical, morphological and elemental composition characteristics of the formed TiO2NTs/p-Si stacks were explored by XRD/Raman, XPS, UV–Vis, FESEM and EDS techniques, respectively. XRD and FESEM analysis revealed the formation of anatase phase of TiO2NTs with an average diameter of ~ 16.1 nm and length of ~ 50.9 nm. XPS investigation revealed two intense core level BE peaks of Ti2p3/2 and Ti2p1/2. The photodetection parameters of the fabricated MSM UV PD device were systematically checked in dark and UV-A light (320–400 nm) illumination. At 3 V, the fabricated Ag/n-TiO2NTs/p-Si device presented superior photosensing properties with a responsivity of 570 mA/W, EQE of 189% and rise/decay times of 120 ms/95 ms. Further, the superior structural and photosensing parameters attained from the fabricated MSM UV PD device may expand its scope to serve as a future cost-effective alternative to other wide bandgap semiconductor (GaN, SiC and ZnO) based heterojunction PD devices.

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Funding

The authors Dr. N. Nanda Kumar Reddy thankfully acknowledge the financial support received from DST, SERB, Government of India, Major Research Project No. ECR/2017/002868 and DST-FIST Program-2015 (SR/FST/College-263). The author Dr. Adel El-marghany grateful to the funding received from Researchers Supporting Project No. RSPD2023R667, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Further, all the authors are grateful to the technical support received from Dr. N. Vijaya Bhaskar Choudary, Secretary and Correspondent, MITS, Madanapalle-517325, A.P, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science, Madanapalle, 517 325, A.P, India

    Nanda Kumar Reddy Nallabala & M. Chandra Sekhar

  2. Thin Films Laboratory, Center for Functional Materials, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamilnadu, India

    S. Kaleemulla

  3. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Mohan Babu University, Tirupati, A.P, India

    M. Ramprasad Reddy

  4. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Adel El-marghany

  5. Department of Physics, Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering and Technology, Nandyal, 518501, India

    N. Ravi

  6. National Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

    Sangaraju Sambasivam

  7. Department of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, India

    P. Rosaiah

  8. CSIR- National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Sunil Singh Kushvaha

  9. Department of Sciences and Humanities, Sreenivasa Institute of Technology and Management Studies, Chittoor, 517 127, A.P, India

    V. Kalaivani

  10. Nanocatalysis and Solar Fuels Research Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516005, A.P, India

    Muthukonda Venkatakrishnan Shankar

  11. School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea

    Vasudeva Reddy Minnam Reddy

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  1. Nanda Kumar Reddy Nallabala
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Contributions

N.K.R.N, S.S.K, M.V.S and V.R.M.R: Writing-original draft, Project administration, Methodology, Funding acquisition. S.K, M.R.R. A.E, S.S, M.C.S. and P.R: Formal analysis, Resources and Conceptualization. V.K: Software and Data curation. All the authors reviewed the entire manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Sunil Singh Kushvaha, Muthukonda Venkatakrishnan Shankar or Vasudeva Reddy Minnam Reddy.

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Nallabala, N.K.R., Kaleemulla, S., Reddy, M.R. et al. Highly Performing MSM Type Ag/n-titanium Dioxide Nanotubes/p-Si Heterojunction Based Ultraviolet-A Photodetectors. Silicon 16, 2815–2826 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-024-02877-1

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