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Electrospinning nanofibers to 1D, 2D, and 3D scaffolds and their biomedical applications

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Abstract

Electrospinning is a popular and effective method of producing porous nanofibers with a large surface area, superior physical and chemical properties, and a controllable pore size. Owing to these properties, electrospun nanofibers can mimic the extracellular matrix and some human tissue structures, based on the fiber configuration. Consequently, the application of electrospun nanofibers as biomaterials, varying from two-dimensional (2D) wound dressings to three-dimensional (3D) tissue engineering scaffolds, has increased rapidly in recent years. Nanofibers can either be uniform fiber strands or coaxial drug carriers, and their overall structure varies from random mesh-like mats to aligned or gradient scaffolds. In addition, the pore size of the fibers can be adjusted or the fibers can be loaded with disparate medicines to provide different functions. This review discusses the various structures and applications of 2D fiber mats and 3D nanofibrous scaffolds made up of different one-dimensional (1D) fibers in tissue engineering. In particular, we focus on the improvements made in recent years, especially in the fields of wound healing, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration.

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Acknowledgements

We sincerely acknowledge the funding from Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. A2021093), Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen Municipality (No. YJ20180306174831458), Shenzhen Basic Research Project (No. JCYJ20190807155801657), National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2018ZX10301402), Key International (Regional) Joint Research Program of China (No. 5181001045), Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program (No. 2016ZT06S029), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51973243), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2019M663246), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. 191gzd35 and 20ykpy15), and Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No. 2019A1515110686).

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  1. Huiling Zhong and Jun Huang contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Guangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China

    Huiling Zhong, Jun Wu & Jianhang Du

  2. Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Huiling Zhong, Jun Huang & Jun Wu

  3. NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, China

    Jianhang Du

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  1. Huiling Zhong
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Zhong, H., Huang, J., Wu, J. et al. Electrospinning nanofibers to 1D, 2D, and 3D scaffolds and their biomedical applications. Nano Res. 15, 787–804 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3593-7

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