Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

CDC Kerala – The Untold Story

  • SPECIAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article is our life time experience in conceptualizing and systematically developing Child Development Centre (CDC) Kerala in the last 25 years, from a research project to a national training centre in child and adolescent development and premarital counseling. CDC Kerala’s major contribution was in creating a ‘conceptual framework’ of a valid link between childhood disability, low birth weight, adolescent girls’ nutrition and fetal onset adult lifestyle diseases. It all started with a randomized controlled trial (RCT) proving beyond doubt that early stimulation is effective in improving the neurodevelopmental status of high risk babies at one and two years and the same cohort was followed-up in detail at 5, 13, 16, 19 and 24 completed years. The process of establishing CDC Kerala is being presented under (i) clinical child development, (ii) adolescent care counseling, (iii) young adults and premarital counseling and (iv) institution building.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Nair MKC, Jain N. The high risk newborn. 1st ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; 2008. p. 368.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  2. Nair MKC, Philip E, Jeyaseelan L, George B, Mathews S, Padma K. Effect of child development centre model early stimulation among at-risk babies–a randomized controlled trial. Indian Pediatr. 2009;46:S20–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Nair MKC, George B, Jeyaseelan L. Pyritinol for post-asphyxial encephalopathy in term babies–a randomized double blind controlled trial. Indian Pediatr. 2009;46:S37–42.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Nair MKC, George B, Padmamohan J, et al. Developmental delay and disability among under - 5 children in a rural ICDS block. Indian Pediatr. 2009;46:S75–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Nair MKC, Pejawer RK. Child development 2000 and beyond. 1st ed. Bangalore: The Prism Books Private; 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Nair MKC, Sunitha RM, Leena ML, George B, Bhaskaran D, Russell PS. CDC Kerala.2: developmental intervention package for babies <1800 grams – outcome at 6 months using DASII. Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81:S73–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Nair MKC, Krishnan R, Nair GSH, et al. CDC Kerala.3: at-risk baby clinic service using different screening tools –outcome at 12 months using developmental assessment scale for Indian infants. Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81:S80–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Nair MKC, Krishnan R, Nair GSH, et al. CDC Kerala.4: TDSC items based developmental therapy package among LBW babies – outcome at 18 months using DASII. Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81:S85–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Nair MKC, Resmi VR, Krishnan R, et al. CDC Kerala.5: developmental therapy clinic experience – use of CDC grading for motor milestones. Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81:S91–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Nair MKC, Mini AO, Bhaskaran D, et al. CDC Kerala.6: validation of language evaluation scale Trivandrum (0-3 yrs) against receptive expressive, emergent language scale in a developmental evaluation clinic population. Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81:S99–101.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Nair MKC, Mini AO, Leena ML, et al. CDC Kerala.7: effect of early language intervention among children 0-3 years with speech and language delay. Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81:S102–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Nair MKC, Russell PS, George B, Prasanna GL, Bhaskaran D, Shankar SR. CDC Kerala.10: diagnostic accuracy of the severity scores for childhood autism rating scale in India. Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81:S120–4.

  13. Nair MKC, Russell PS, George B, et al. CDC Kerala.8: effectiveness of a clinic based, low intensity, early intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder in India: a naturalistic observational study. Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81:S110–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Nair MKC, Nair GSH, George B, et al. Development and validation of Trivandrum development screening chart for children aged 0–6 years [TDSC (0–6)]. Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S248–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Nair MKC, Nair GSH, Mini AO, Indulekha S, Letha S, Russell PS. Development and validation of language evaluation scale Trivandrum for children of 0-3 years-LEST (0-3). Indian Pediatr. 2013;50:463–7.

  16. Nair MKC, Nair GSH, George B, Mini AO. Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum (LEST 3-6 years) – development and validation. Indian Pediatr. 2016;53:257–8.

  17. Nair MKC, Nair GSH, Beena M, et al. CDC Kerala.16: early detection of developmental delay/disability among children below 6 years – a district model. Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81:S151–5.

  18. Nair MKC, Princly P, Leena ML, et al. CDC Kerala.17: early detection of developmental delay/disability among children below 3 years in Kerala – a cross sectional survey. Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81:S156–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Juneja M, Mishra D, Russell PS, et al; INCLEN Study Group. INCLEN diagnostic tool for autism spectrum disorder (INDT-ASD): development and validation. Indian Pediatr. 2014;51:359–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Mukherjee S, Aneja S, Russell PSS, et al and INCLEN Study Group. INCLEN diagnostic tool for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (INDT-ADHD): development and validation. Indian Pediatr. 2014;51:457–62.

  21. Konanki R, Mishra D, Gulati S, et al and INCLEN Study Group. INCLEN diagnostic tool for epilepsy (INDT-EPI) for primary care physicians: development and validation. Indian Pediatr. 2014;51:539–43.

  22. Gulati S, Aneja S, Juneja M, et al and INCLEN Study Group. INCLEN diagnostic tool for neuro-motor impairment (INDT-NMI) for primary care physician: development and validation. Indian Pediatr. 2014;51:613–9.

  23. Nair MKC. Adolescent care 2000 and beyond. 1st ed. Bangalore: The Prism Books Private Limited; 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Nair MKC. Adolescent counselling. 1st ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brother Medical Publishers (P) Ltd; 2015. (In press).

  25. Nair MKC, Leena ML, George B, Sunitha RM, Prasanna GL, Russell PS. A panchayat level primary-care approach for adolescent services. Indian J Pediatr. 2012;79:S6–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Nair MKC, Leena ML, George B, Kasthuri N, Chandramohan K, Russell PS. School based adolescent care services: a district model. Indian J Pediatr. 2012;79:S11–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Nair MKC, Chacko DS, Indira MS, Siju KE, George B, Russell PS. A primary care approach for adolescent care and counseling services. Indian J Pediatr. 2012;79:S79–83.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Nair MKC, Leena ML, George B, Menon P, Jameela PK, Russell PSS. ARSH 7: community adolescent health care and education: experience of an innovative approach. Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S229–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Nair MKC, Thiruvenkitesari B, Leena ML, et al. Lower reproductive tract infections among unmarried girls (15-24 y) - a clinic based validation study. Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S240–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Nair MKC, Chacko DS, Darwin MR, Padma K, George B, Russell PS. Menstrual disorders and menstrual hygiene practices in higher secondary school girls. Indian J Pediatr. 2012;79:S74–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Nair MKC, Pappachan P, Balakrishnan S, Leena ML, George B, Russell PS. Menstrual irregularity and poly cystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls–a 2 year follow-up study. Indian J Pediatr. 2012;79:S69–73.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Nair MKC, Paul MK, Leena ML, et al. Effectiveness of a reproductive sexual health education package among school going adolescents. Indian J Pediatr. 2012;79:S64–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Nair MKC, Leena ML, Paul MK, et al. Attitude of parents and teachers towards adolescent reproductive and sexual health education. Indian J Pediatr. 2012;79:S60–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Russell PSS, Nair MKC, Russell S, et al. The validation of the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders for anxiety disorders among adolescents in a rural community population in India. Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S139–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Nair MKC, Russell PSS, Mammen P, et al. The epidemiology of anxiety disorders among adolescents in a rural community population in India. Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S144–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Nair MKC, Russell PSS, Krishnan R, et al. The symptomatology and clinical presentation of anxiety disorders among adolescents in a rural community population in India. Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S149–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Russell PSS, Nair MKC, Mammen P, et al. The co-morbidity in anxiety disorders among adolescents in a rural community population in India. Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S155–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Nair MKC, Russell PSS, Vinod SS, et al. The predictive factors for anxiety disorders among adolescents in a rural community population in India. Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S160–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Russell PSS, Nair MKC, Shankar SR, et al. ADad 7: relationship between depression and anxiety disorders among adolescents in a rural community population in India. Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S165–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Russell PSS, Nair MKC, Chandran A, et al. Suicidal behavior in anxiety disorders among adolescents in a rural community population in India. Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S175–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Nair MKC, Leena ML, Thankachi Y, Russell PSS. ARSH 2: reproductive and sexual health knowledge, attitude and practices: comparison among boys and girls (10-24 y). Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S199–202.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Nair MKC, Thankachi Y, Leena ML, George B, Russell PSS. ARSH 3: reproductive and sexual health knowledge: a comparison among married male and female young adults (15-24 y). Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S203–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Nair MKC, Leena ML, George B, Thankachi Y, Russell PSS. ARSH 5: reproductive health needs assessment of adolescents and young people (15-24 y): a qualitative study on 'perceptions of community stakeholders. Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80:S214–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Moni SA, Nair MKC, Devi RS. Pregnancy among unmarried adolescents and young adults. J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2013;63:49–54.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  45. Nair MKC, Parthasarathy A. Sexual reproductive health of young people (10–24 years). 1st ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Pvt. Ltd.; 2006.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  46. Nair MKC, Russell P. Illingworth’s book of the development of the infant and the young child normal and abnormal. 10th edition. New Delhi: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013.

Download references

Acknowledgments

Kerala Health Research & Welfare Society, Royal Palace Trust, Travancore, Government of Kerala, Kerala Health, Social Justice & Education Departments, Mr. GK Pillai IAS, Dr. Balaraman Nair, Dr. Elisie Philip, Dr. Sivasankara Pillai, Dr. P Ravindran, and all staff & students of Child Development Centre, parents of children on follow up at CDC.

Contributions

MKCN: Conceptualization and manuscript writing; LML: Manuscript preparation assistance; BG: Manuscript editing final; DB: Manuscript editing; ANP: Data management; HNGNS: Data analysis. MKCN will act as guarantor for the paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India

    M. K. C. Nair & Leena Mundapalliyil Leela

  2. Child Development Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

    M. K. C. Nair, Leena Mundapalliyil Leela, Babu George, Deepa Bhaskaran & Asokan Nataraja Pillai

  3. Department of Radiodiagnosis, Govt. TD Medical College, Alappuzha, Kerala, India

    Harikumaran Nair Gopinathan Nair Sarasamma

Authors
  1. M. K. C. Nair
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Leena Mundapalliyil Leela
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Babu George
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Deepa Bhaskaran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Asokan Nataraja Pillai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Harikumaran Nair Gopinathan Nair Sarasamma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. K. C. Nair.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

None.

Source of Funding

Government of Kerala.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nair, M.K.C., Leela, L.M., George, B. et al. CDC Kerala – The Untold Story. Indian J Pediatr 83, 426–433 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-016-2071-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-016-2071-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation