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Ternary Cobalt (II)-Metformin-Glycine/Histidine/Proline Complexes: Multispectroscopic DNA, HSA, and BSA Interaction and Cytotoxicity Studies

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Abstract

The synthesized water-soluble ternary complexes [Co(met)(gly)(Cl)2] (1), [Co(met)(hist)(Cl)2] (2), and [Co(met)(pro)(Cl)2] (3), (met = metformin, gly = glycine, hist = histidine, and pro = proline) were evaluated using spectro-analytical techniques, and the stereochemistry of the complexes was determined to be octahedral. UV–Vis absorption, competitive DNA-binding experiments using ethidium bromide (EB) by fluorescence, fluorescence emission studies, viscosity studies, and gel electrophoresis techniques were all employed to explore the binding characteristics of the cobalt (II) complexes with CT-DNA and groove-binding mechanism established. The salt-dependent association of the complexes to CT-DNA was investigated using UV–Vis spectrophotometric analysis. The association of the cobalt (II) complexes with BSA and HSA was explored by utilizing UV–Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy approaches. The findings show that the complexes exhibit adequate capacity to quench BSA and HSA fluorescence and that the binding response is mostly a static quenching mechanism. The cytotoxicity of the complexes has also been appraised with the human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines (MCF-7) and (MDA-MB-231) by utilizing the MTT assay. For each cell line, the IC50 values were computed. In both cell lines, all the complexes were active.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the Department of Science and Technology, India [no. SR/PURSE phase 2/32 (G)] and the University Grants Commission, India [UPE-FAR], for providing financial assistance to carry out this work.

Funding

This work was supported by the Department of Science and Technology, India (no. SR/PURSE phase 2/32 (G)) and the University Grants Commission, India [UPE-FAR].

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  1. Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India, 500007

    B. Jayasri, K. Rajeshwari, P. Vasantha & P. V. Anantha Lakshmi

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Jayasri B. performed the experiments, analyzed the data, and prepared the manuscript. Rajeshwari K. helped in designing the experiments. Vasantha P. helped in analyzing the data. Anantha Lakshmi P.V. supervised the work. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Jayasri, B., Rajeshwari, K., Vasantha, P. et al. Ternary Cobalt (II)-Metformin-Glycine/Histidine/Proline Complexes: Multispectroscopic DNA, HSA, and BSA Interaction and Cytotoxicity Studies. Biol Trace Elem Res 201, 5481–5499 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-023-03606-2

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