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Molecular Biology Applications of Psychrophilic Enzymes: Adaptations, Advantages, Expression, and Prospective

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Abstract

Psychrophilic enzymes are primarily produced by microorganisms from extremely low-temperature environments which are known as psychrophiles. Their high efficiency at low temperatures and easy heat inactivation property have attracted extensive attention from various food and industrial bioprocesses. However, the application of these enzymes in molecular biology is still limited. In a previous review, the applications of psychrophilic enzymes in industries such as the detergent additives, the food additives, the bioremediation, and the pharmaceutical medicine, and cosmetics have been discussed. In this review, we discuss the main cold adaptation characteristics of psychrophiles and psychrophilic enzymes, as well as the relevant information on different psychrophilic enzymes in molecular biology. We summarize the mining and screening methods of psychrophilic enzymes. We finally recap the expression of psychrophilic enzymes. We aim to provide a reference process for the exploration and expression of new generation of psychrophilic enzymes.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Key Support Project of the Regional Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China U21A20176 and the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP) 2019QZKK0503 for YQL.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Pan-Third Pole Environment, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Hu Xu & Yongqin Liu

  2. CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Hu Xu & Dawei Xu

  3. State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

    Yongqin Liu

  4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

    Yongqin Liu

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  2. Dawei Xu
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YQL and DWX conceived the presented idea. HX wrote the manuscript with support from YQL and DWX. All the authors contributed to the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Dawei Xu or Yongqin Liu.

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Xu, H., Xu, D. & Liu, Y. Molecular Biology Applications of Psychrophilic Enzymes: Adaptations, Advantages, Expression, and Prospective. Appl Biochem Biotechnol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-023-04810-5

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