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Crystal Structure Variations of Sn Nanoparticles upon Heating

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Abstract

Structural changes in Sn nanoparticles during heating below the melting point have been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, electron diffraction (ED), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). DSC revealed that the heat required to melt the nanoparticles (28.43 J/g) was about half compared with Sn metal (52.80 J/g), which was attributed to the large surface energy contribution for the nanoparticles. ED and XRD analyses of the Sn nanoparticles revealed increased intensity for crystal planes having large interplaner distances compared with regular crystal planes with increasing heat treatment temperature (HTT). HRTEM revealed an increase in interlayer spacing at the surface and near joints between nanoparticles with the HTT, leading to an amorphous structure of nanoparticles at the surface at 220°C. These results highlight the changes that occur in the morphology and crystal structure of Sn nanoparticles at the surface and in the interior with increase of the heat treatment temperature.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, ROC

    Jagjiwan Mittal & Kwang-Lung Lin

  2. Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, New Delhi, India

    Jagjiwan Mittal

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  1. Jagjiwan Mittal
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  2. Kwang-Lung Lin
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Correspondence to Kwang-Lung Lin.

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Mittal, J., Lin, KL. Crystal Structure Variations of Sn Nanoparticles upon Heating. J. Electron. Mater. 47, 2394–2401 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-018-6063-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-018-6063-6

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