Abstract
Three distinct layers are present in commercially produced tinplated steels: the top tin layer, the middle Fe-Sn alloy layer, and the bottom steel substrate. The brightness of these steels is inversely proportional to the roughness of the top layer. Substrate steels with recrystallized structure, sharper texture, and cleaner matrix result in flatter Fe-Sn interlayer and subsequently smoother top Sn layer. This in turn gives brighter surface finish.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the management of Tata Steel, India for giving us the permission to publish this paper. The principal author would also like to thank Mr. Soumya Chatterjee for the many fruitful discussions they had from time to time. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
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Appendix A
Appendix A
Time of reaction: 16 seconds
1 lb/bb = 22.4 g/m2
Atomic weight of Sn: 118.7
Atomic weight of Fe: 55.8
Density of FeSn2: 8.55 g/cc
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1.
Calculation of Sn in the form of FeSn2 formed on steel substrate after 16 seconds[28]:
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On (100) surface = 0.25 lb/bb = 2.8 g/m2
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On (110) surface = 0.13 lb/bb = 1.456 g/m2
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On (111) surface = 0.17 lb/bb = 1.904 g/m2
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2.
Calculation of FeSn2 formed on steel substrate after 16 seconds:
In FeSn2, 2Sn atoms attached with one Fe atom.
Therefore, (2 × 118.7) g of Sn is present in (2 × 118.7 + 55.8) g FeSn2
Therefore, after 16 seconds
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(100) oriented grains of the samples would have 3.458 g/m2 or 3.458 × 10−4g/cm2 of FeSn2
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(110) oriented grains of the samples would have 1.798 g/m2 or 1.798 × 10−4g/ cm2 of FeSn2
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(111) oriented grains of the samples would have 2.351 g/m2 or 2.351 × 10−4g/ cm2 of FeSn2
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3.
Calculation of FeSn2 layer height on (100), (110), and (111) oriented grains
Assuming in the present case, the height of FeSn2 layer on (100), (110), and (111) are h100, h110, and h111, respectively.
For (100) oriented grains for every 1 cm2 area:
The volume of FeSn2 would be h100 *1 cm2 = h100 cm2. The weight of this FeSn2 as calculated is 3.458 × 10−4 g.
Now, the density of FeSn2 is 8.55 g/cm329.
Therefore, 3.458 × 10−4 g of FeSn2 ≡ 0.404 × 10−4 cm3 of FeSn2.
Similarly, h110 and h111 are calculated as =0.210 µm and 0.275 µ, respectively.
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Ghosh, P., Mondal, D., Tiwari, A. et al. Influence of Microstructure and Crystallographic Texture on the Surface Brightness of Industrially Produced Tinplated Steels. Metall Mater Trans A 50, 1825–1836 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-019-05129-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-019-05129-9