Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mixed Convection in a Ventilated Enclosure by Considering Both Geometrical Parameters and Thermo-Physical Properties of Water/Cu Nanofluid

  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, mixed convection heat transfer and fluid flow is numerically investigated in an open system enclosure containing a heated obstacle. Effects of the positions of both obstacles and fluid flow outlet on the flow field and heat transfer within the enclosure were studied. Richardson number ranging from 0.1 to 10 was examined for a constant Grashof number at different Reynolds numbers in both base fluid and fluid mixed with Cu nanoparticles (0 to 4% of volume fractions). It is found that the obstacle and outlet position as well as the Richardson number greatly affect the flow field and heat transfer rate. The maximum heat transfer rate occurs for Richardson number 0.1, when the outlet and obstacle position are located at the bottom of the right side of the enclosure (P3) and near right side of the enclosure (8H), respectively. Also, the heat transfer rate is higher when the obstacle is placed close to the inlet (2H) and outlet (8H) compared to the center of the enclosure (5H). It is shown that although the change of volume fraction of nanofluid does not have significant effect on the flow pattern, however, it enhances the heat transfer rate through improving the effective thermo-physical properties of the base fluid.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

C p :

heat capacity/J·kg−1·K−1

H :

inlet opening height/μm

h :

heat transfer coefficient/W·m−2·K−1

k :

thermal conductivity coefficient/W·m−1·K−1

Nu :

nusselt number

P :

fluid pressure/Pa

P1,P2,P3:

position of the outlet

Pr :

Prandtl number

Re :

Reynolds number

T :

temperature/K

U,V :

dimensionless velocity components in x, y directions

u, v :

velocity components in x, y directions/m·s−1

u c :

inlet velocity in x directions/m·s−1

u s :

brownian motion velocity/m·s−1

X, Y :

Cartesian dimensionless coordinates

α :

thermal diffusivity/m−2·s−1

β :

thermal expansion/K−1

μ :

dynamic viscosity/Pa·s

ρ :

density/kg·m−3

ϕ :

nanoparticles volume fraction

ave:

average

c:

cold

eff:

effective

f:

base fluid (distilled water)

h:

hot

In:

inlet

nf:

nanofluid

out:

outlet

p:

particle

References

  1. Rob Sharif M.A., Laminar mixed convection in shallow inclined driven cavities with hot moving lid on top and cooled from bottom. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2007, 27: 1036–1042.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Moallemi M.K., Jang K.S., Prandtl number effects on laminar mixed convection heat transfer in a lid driven cavity. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 1992, 35: 1881–1892.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Bilgen E., Natural convection in cavities with a thin fin on the hot wall. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2005, 48: 3493–3505.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Chahrazed B., Samir R., Simulation of heat transfer in a square cavity with two fins attached to the hot wall. Energy Procedia, 2012, 18: 1299–1306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Sun C., Yu B., Oztop H.F., Wang Y., Wei J., Control of mixed convection in lid-driven enclosures using conductive triangular fins, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2011, 54: 894–909.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Darzi A.A.R., Farhadi M., Sedighi K., Numerical study of the fin effect on mixed convection heat transfer in a lid-driven cavity. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 2011, 225: 397–406.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Mamun M.A.H., Rahman M.M., Billah M.M., Saidur R., A numerical study on the effect of a heated hollow cylinder on mixed convection in a ventilated cavity. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2010, 37: 1326–1334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Miansari M., Aghajani H., Zarringhalam M., Toghraie D., Numerical study on the effects of geometrical parameters and Reynolds number on the heat transfer behavior of carboxy-methyl cellulose/CuO non-Newtonian nanofluid inside a rectangular microchannel. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09447-8.

  9. Miansari M., Valipour M.A., Arasteh H., Toghraie D., Energy and exergy analysis and optimization of helically grooved shell and tube heat exchangers by using Taguchi experimental design. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2020, 139: 3151–3164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Miansari M., Jafarzadeh A., Arasteh H., Toghraie D., Thermal performance of a helical shell and tube heat exchanger without fin, with circular fins, and with V-shaped circular fins applying on the coil. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09395-3.

  11. Behnampour A., Akbari O.A., Safaei M.R., Ghavami M., Marzban A., Ahmadi Sheikh Shabani Gh.R., Zarringhalam M., Mashayekhi R., Analysis of heat transfer and nanofluid fluid flow in microchannels with trapezoidal, rectangular and triangular shaped ribs. Physica E, 2017, 91: 15–31.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. Abouei A., Mehrizi, Farhadi M., Hassanzade Afroozi H., Sedighi K., Rabienataj Darz A.A., Mixed convection heat transfer in a ventilated cavity with hot obstacle: Effect of nanofluid and outlet port location. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2012, 39: 1000–1008.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Arani A.A.A., Akbari O.A., Safaei M.R., Marzban A., Alrashed A.A.A.A., Reza Ahmadi G., Nguyen T.K., Heat transfer improvement of water/single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) nanofluid in a novel design of a truncated double layered microchannel heat sink. International Journal of Heat Mass Transfer, 2017, 113: 780–795.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Rezaei O., Akbari O.A., Marzban A., Toghraie D., Pourfattah F., Mashayekhi R., The numerical investigation of heat transfer and pressure drop of turbulent flow in a triangular microchannel. Physica E, 2017, 93: 179–189.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. Mahmoudi A.H., Shahi M., Raouf A.B., Ghasemian A., Numerical study of natural convection cooling of horizontal heat source mounted in a square cavity filled with nanofluid. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2010, 37: 1135–1141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Armaghani T., Kasaeipoor A., Alavi N., Rashidi M.M., Numerical investigation of water-alumina nanofluid natural convection heat transfer and entropy generation in a baffled L-shaped cavity. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2016, 223: 243–251.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Nemati H., Farhadi M., Sedighi K., Fattahi E., Darzi A.A.R., Lattice Boltzmann simulation of nanofluid in lid-driven cavity. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2010, 37: 1528–1534.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ghaffarpasand O. Numerical study of MHD natural convection inside a sinusoidally heated lid-driven cavity filled with Fe3O4-water nanofluid in the presence of Joule heating. Applied Mathematical Modeling, 2016, 40: 9165–9182.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Rabbi K.M., Saha S., Mojumder S., Rahman M.M., Saidur R., Ibrahim T.A., Numerical investigation of pure mixed convection in a ferrofluid-filled lid-driven cavity for different heater configurations. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 2016, 55: 127–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Khanafer K., Vafai K., A critical synthesis of thermophysical characteristics of nanofluids. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2011, 54: 4410–4428.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Patel H.E., Sundararajan T., Pradeep T., Dasgupta A., Dasgupta N., Das S.K., A micro-convection model for thermal conductivity of nanofluids. Pramana Journal of Physics, 2005, 65: 863–869.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. Alikhani S., Behzadmehr A., Saffar-Avval M., Numerical study of nanofluid mixed convection in a horizontal curved tube using two-phase approach. Heat Mass Transfer, 2011, 47: 107–118.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. Abbasian Arani A.A., Mazrouei Sebdani S., Mahmoodi M., Ardeshiri A., Aliakbari M., Numerical study of mixed convection flow in a lid-driven cavity with sinusoidal heating on side walls using nanofluid. Superlattices and Microstructures, 2012, 51: 893–911.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. Safaei M.R., Goodarzi M., Akbari O.A., Safdari Shadloo M., Dahari M., Performance evaluation of nanofluids in an inclined ribbed microchannel for electronic cooling applications, electronics cooling. S M Sohel Murshed (Ed.), InTech, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/62898.

  25. Khodabandeh E., Rahbari A., Rosen M.A., Najafian Ashrafi Z., Akbari O.A., Masoud Anvari A., Experimental and numerical investigations on heat transfer of a watercooled lance for blowing oxidizing gas in an electrical arc furnace. Energy Conversion and Management, 2017, 148: 43–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Khanafer K., Vafai K., Lightstone M., Buoyancy-driven heat transfer enhancement in a two-dimensional enclosure utilizing nanofluids. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2003, 46(19): 3639–3653.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Talebi F., Mahmoudi A.H., Shahi M., Numerical study of mixed convection flows in a square lid-driven cavity utilizing nanofluid. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2010, 37(1): 79–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran

    Miansari Mehdi & Halimi Afshin

  2. Micro+Nanosystems & Applied Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, P.O. Box 484, Babol, Iran

    Miansari Morteza

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

    Toghraie Davood

Authors
  1. Miansari Mehdi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Halimi Afshin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Miansari Morteza
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Toghraie Davood
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Miansari Mehdi or Toghraie Davood.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mehdi, M., Afshin, H., Morteza, M. et al. Mixed Convection in a Ventilated Enclosure by Considering Both Geometrical Parameters and Thermo-Physical Properties of Water/Cu Nanofluid. J. Therm. Sci. 30, 950–961 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-020-1267-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-020-1267-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation