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Terahertz Optical Ultrasensitive Glucose Detection Using Graphene and Silver Surface Plasmon Resonance Metasurfaces for Biomedical Applications

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Abstract

Biomedical sensing applications can leverage the non-invasive and label-free characteristics of terahertz (THz) spectroscopy. In this research, we propose a biosensor that employs THz waves for highly sensitive detection of urine glucose levels. The biosensor incorporates a metasurface composed of graphene and silver, capitalizing on their complementary effects to enhance sensing performance. The proposed sensor design demonstrates unprecedented performance with an optimal sensitivity of 1000 GHz/RIU. Furthermore, a well-established linear fitting curve yields somewhat satisfactory R2 scores of 0.84198 and 0.8381 for distinct aspects of the sensor’s performance. Notably, the sensor exhibits exceptional metrics, with the lowest figure of merit (FOM) value recorded at 0.393 RIU−1. These remarkable aspects collectively highlight the sensor’s advanced capabilities, positioning it as a promising tool for medical applications.

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The data supporting the findings in this work are available from the corresponding author with a reasonable request.

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Funding

The authors received funding from the Deanship of Scientific Research at Najran University under the Research Groups Funding Program grant code (NU/RG/SERC/12/4).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering and Technology, National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, 382007, Gujarat, India

    Jacob Wekalao

  2. Department of Physics, College of Science and Arts, Najran University, 11001, Najran, Saudi Arabia

    Hasan B. Albargi

  3. Department of Computer Engineering, Marwadi University, Rajkot, 360003, India

    Shobhit K. Patel

  4. Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, 11001, Najran, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammed Jalalah & Abdulkarem H. M. Almawgani

  5. Department of Microbiology, Marwadi University, Rajkot, 360003, India

    R. Manvani

  6. Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, 72388, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia

    Ammar Armghan

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  1. Jacob Wekalao
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Contributions

Conceptualization, H.B.A.and J.W; methodology, J.W, H.B.A, S.K.P software, J.W, S.K.P and H.B.A investigation, M.J., A.H.M.A., and A.A; Formal Analysis, M.J., A.H.M.A., R.M and A.A; writing—original draft preparation, All authors; writing—review and editing, All Authors.;; All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hasan B. Albargi or Shobhit K. Patel.

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Wekalao, J., Albargi, H.B., Patel, S.K. et al. Terahertz Optical Ultrasensitive Glucose Detection Using Graphene and Silver Surface Plasmon Resonance Metasurfaces for Biomedical Applications. Plasmonics (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-024-02278-5

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