Abstract
A major challenge for radioactive wastewater treatment and associated environmental remediation is how to simultaneously remove cationic and anionic radionuclides. Herein, a series of Mn3O4@polyaniline (Mn3O4@PANI) nanocomposites were successfully prepared and used to remove U(VI) and I− from aqueous solution, two highly concomitant species in nuclear pollution settings. Batch adsorption experiments reveal that the component Mn3O4 is predominantly responsible for U(VI) removal, but PANI for I−. The nanocomposite with 24.2 wt% Mn3O4 possesses high removal percentages (> 85%) either for U(VI) or I− over a wide pH range, fast removal kinetics, and excellent adsorption selectivity at high concentrations of competing ions. Benefiting from the contributions of the two components and the high adsorption affinities, the nanocomposite achieves the simultaneous removal to coexisting U(VI) and I−, with a maximum adsorption capacity 102.6 mg/g for U(VI) and 126.1 mg/g for I−. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results reveal that the U(VI) adsorption occurs via coordination bonding with Mn−O, −NH− , and =N− groups in the nanocomposite, whereas I− adsorption proceeds mainly through I anionic species exchange with Cl− and interactions with π-bonds in PANI, as well as the electrostatic attraction onto Mn3O4. Considering the excellent performance and multiple active sites, the Mn3O4@PANI nanocomposite is promising to remove practical radioactive U(VI) and I−.
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This work was partially supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB 41000000), the Key Research Program of the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. IGGCAS-201901), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42072045), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
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Wei Yin: conceptualization, methodology, data curation, writing—original draft preparation. Tian-Lei Zhao: formal analysis, software. Yu-Han Wang: visualization, investigation. Qi-Zhi Yao: validation, resources. Gen-Tao Zhou: supervision, writing—reviewing and editing, funding acquisition.
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Yin, W., Zhao, TL., Wang, YH. et al. Mn3O4@polyaniline nanocomposite with multiple active sites to capture uranium(VI) and iodide: synthesis, performance, and mechanism. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 30130–30143 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24073-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24073-7