Abstract
Rhizosphere microorganisms can greatly affect plant growth, especially the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), which can improve plant root development and growth because they contain various biological functions including nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and phytosiderophore production. This study demonstrates that Cyperus rotundus L. is capable of developing and forming complex underground reproductive systems at arbitrary burial depths and cutting modes due to its extremely strong multiplication and regeneration ability. With the densities of C. rotundus increasing, the abundance of PGPR, soil enzymes invertase and urease, the nutrient contents of the field soil, and maize quality were impacted. Notably, more abundance of PGPR—most notably, the nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (NFMs) such as Azospirillum, Burkholderia, Mycobacterium, and Rhizobium—enriches in the rhizosphere of C. rotundus than in that of maize. In addition, the activities of soil enzymes invertase (S_SC) and urease (S_SU) were significantly higher in its rhizosphere than in maize, further proving that more NFMs enrich the C. rotundus rhizosphere. The nutrient contents of the field soil of TN, SOM, and SOC were reduced, indicating that the presence of C. rotundus made the soil infertile. Hence, these pieces of evidence indicate that C. rotundus may drive the field soil infertile as reflected by reduced soil nutrients via altering rhizosphere bacteria community structure.
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We thank the editor and anonymous reviewers who provided constructive and helpful feedback and suggestions to improve the manuscript.
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This work was supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201203098).
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Conceptualization, Wen-Wei Tang; data curation, Shu-Yu Liu and Chen-Yang Wei; formal analysis, Shu-Yu Liu, Wen-Wei Tang, and Dong-Qiang Zeng; funding acquisition, Wen-Wei Tang and Dong-Qiang Zeng; investigation, Shu-Yu Liu, Chen-Yang Wei, Yao Tong, Wang Chen, and Zong-Yun Han; methodology, Shu-Yu Liu, Chen-Yang Wei, and Wen-Wei Tang; writing—original draft, Shu-Yu Liu, Chen-Yang Wei, and Wen-Wei Tang; writing—review and editing, Shu-Yu Liu, Chen-Yang Wei, and Wen-Wei Tang.
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Liu, SY., Wei, CY., Tong, Y. et al. Cyperus rotundus L. drives arable soil infertile by changing the structure of soil bacteria in the rhizosphere, using a maize field as an example. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 79579–79593 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21480-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21480-8