Abstract
Photodegradation of organic pollutants is the most suitable and cheaper technique to counter decontamination issues. Among the metal-based nanoparticles, TiO2 is considered to be the most effective heterogeneous photocatalyst for the photodegradation of organic pollutants. However, the large band gap and the high electron–hole pair recombination rate limit its practical applications. Herein, an approach was introduced to minimize the mentioned limitations by preparing CdTiO2 and ZnCdTiO2 nanocomposites by co-precipitation method. The as-synthesized TiO2, CdTiO2, and ZnCdTiO2 were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and UV–visible spectrophotometry. Morphological analysis revealed that TiO2 are mostly agglomerated with different shapes and sizes and the nanocomposites are mostly in dispersed form. The components of the nanocomposites are strongly intercalated in the ternary nanocomposite as confirmed from TEM analysis. XRD analysis confirmed the anatase TiO2 while the UV–visible analysis showed the shifting toward higher wavelength. The band gap energy of TiO2 (2.65) decreased to 2.6 and 2.56 eV for CdTiO2 and ZnCdTiO2, respectively. BET analysis has shown a 47.2 m2/g surface area for the ternary ZnCdTiO2 nanocomposite. The photodegradation results revealed that TiO2, CdTiO2, and ZnCdTiO2 degraded about 74%, 86%, and 97.61% methylene blue dye, respectively, within 2 h. Maximum photodegradation is achieved in the basic medium and the ternary ZnCdTiO2 nanocomposite degraded 98% dye at pH 10.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Shakeel Khan, Muhammad Sadiq, and Niaz Muhammad. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Muhammad Sadiq and Niaz Muhammad. All authors commented on previous version of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Khan, S., Sadiq, M. & Muhammad, N. Enhanced photocatalytic potential of TiO2 nanoparticles in coupled CdTiO2 and ZnCdTiO2 nanocomposites. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 54745–54755 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19807-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19807-6