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Hematological indicators in pygmy wood mouse Apodemus uralensis (Muridae, Rodentia) populations as markers of the environmental radiation exposure: East Urals radioactive trace (Russia)

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Abstract

The hematological effects of chronic radiation exposure in males of the pygmy wood mouse (Apodemus uralensis Pall., 1811) from the East Urals radioactive trace (EURT) area were assessed, taking into account population abundance and reproductive status (immature, ripening, and mature yearlings). For this purpose, we analyzed the morpho-functional characteristics of erythrocytes (red cell indices [MCV, MCH, MCHC], red cell count, activity of antioxidant enzymes [GSH-Px, CAT], lipid peroxidation, glycolysis, osmotic resistance, methaemoglobin content) and blood plasma components (free hemoglobin, total lipids, total cholesterol, and glucose) in the background territory and the EURT area; these areas have a density of soil contamination with 90Sr of 12,851 and 198 kBq × m−2, respectively (four and two order of magnitude higher than the background value). The data indicate the “hyperfunctional” state of the erythrocyte, aimed at activation of the gas transport function of blood in the radioactive environment. This, as a consequence, determines the insufficiency of energy supply of the cell defense system necessary to maintain the structural integrity of the membrane. Intensification of membrane lipid peroxidation, reduction of osmotic resistance and GSH-Px activity in red cells, an increase in the degree of intravascular hemolysis, and tendency towards erythropenia indicate the processes of accelerated aging of erythrocytes and their more pronounced destruction in the circulatory bed. The level of the hematological response increased with increasing radiation burden and was more pronounced with a large population size. The interaction effect of “overpopulation” and “radioactive pollution” was observed to a lesser degree for ripening males, and was very small for sexually mature animals. Immature males from the EURT head part with internal whole-body radiation doses of 0.0045–0.35 mGy/day can be considered as the most sensitive group to the factors synergy, including radiation damage and overabundance population.

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Acknowledgements

I am grateful to my colleagues E.B. Grigorkina and M.V. Modorov for their help in obtaining rodent’s samples from natural habitats and the possibility of performing ecological-biochemical studies.

Funding

The experiments described in this manuscript were supported by the State Contract of the Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, UB RAS.

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  1. Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vos’mogo Marta 202, Yekaterinburg, 620144, Russia

    Natal’ya A. Orekhova

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  1. Natal’ya A. Orekhova
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Correspondence to Natal’ya A. Orekhova.

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Animal experiments were conducted at the Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology UB RAS (Russia) and approved by the local ethics committee.

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The author declares that there is no conflict of interest.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

Appendix

Appendix

Table 7 Effect of relative abundance of animals (X) on the hematological parameters (Y) in sexually immature [A], ripening [B], and mature [C] males from the background (bg) and EURT (buf, imp) areas: the results of simple linear regression Y = b0 ± b1∙X
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Orekhova, N.A. Hematological indicators in pygmy wood mouse Apodemus uralensis (Muridae, Rodentia) populations as markers of the environmental radiation exposure: East Urals radioactive trace (Russia). Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 16144–16166 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1787-7

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