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Purinergic signaling in hepatic disease

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Abstract

Extracellular purines (ATP and adenosine) are ubiquitous intercellular messengers. During tissular damage, they function as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). In this context, purines announce tissue alterations to initiate a reparative response that involve the formation of the inflammasome complex and the recruitment of specialized cells of the immune system. The present review focuses on the role of the purinergic system in liver damage, mainly during the onset and development of fibrosis. After hepatocellular injury, extracellular ATP promotes a signaling cascade that ameliorates tissue alterations to restore the hepatic function. However, if cellular damage becomes chronic, ATP orchestrates an aberrant reparative process that results in severe liver diseases such as fibrosis and cirrhosis. ATP and adenosine, their receptors, and extracellular ectonucleotidases are mediators of unique processes that will be reviewed in detail.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Jessica González Norris for proofreading.

Funding

This work was funded by PAPIIT-UNAM, number IN201017 to FGV-C and IN201618 to MD-M, and CONACyT-México, number 284-557 to MD-M.

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  1. Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, C.P. 76230, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México

    E. Velázquez-Miranda, M. Díaz-Muñoz & F. G. Vázquez-Cuevas

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  1. E. Velázquez-Miranda
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  2. M. Díaz-Muñoz
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  3. F. G. Vázquez-Cuevas
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Francisco Gabriel Vázquez-Cuevas declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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Velázquez-Miranda, E., Díaz-Muñoz, M. & Vázquez-Cuevas, F.G. Purinergic signaling in hepatic disease. Purinergic Signalling 15, 477–489 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11302-019-09680-3

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