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Treatment of Metal Cutting Wastewaters in Bipolar Trickle Tower Reactor by Electrocoagulation and Electrochemical-Fenton methods: Reduction of Organic Matter, Boron, Heavy Metals, and Toxicity with Sludge Characterization

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Abstract

The metal cutting wastewater was treated with electrocoagulation (EC) and electrochemical-Fenton (EF) method in a bipolar trickle tower reactor. In EC treatment, the COD removal efficiency was obtained as 81.3% with 89.0 kWh/m3 energy consumption using 0.7 mA/cm2 current density and 0.2 mM Na2SO4. With the EF method, 99.2% COD removal was achieved with 78.0 kWh/m3 energy consumption in optimum conditions (0.7 mA/cm2 current density, 90 mM H2O2, 0.2 mM Na2SO4 at pH 3) after 30-min treatment of wastewater. In EC and EF process, TOC and toxicity of the wastewater were decreased during the treatment period in parallel with COD removal as a result of response surface methodology (RSM) optimization. It was observed that the main metal and heavy metal contents were B, Al, Cr, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cd, and Pb when their concentrations were listed in descending order at the level of µg/L, and these heavy metal and boron contents were removed more efficiently in the EC process than EF treatment. The FTIR-ATR spectrum of the sludge observed the strong peaks around 875 cm−1 and 884 cm−1 related to vibrations of the Fe–O bonds in iron oxide after the EC and EF treatment. This study showed that metal cutting wastewater was successfully treated with EC and EF first time in the literature even if it had high COD, TOC, toxicity, and heavy metal contents.

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Availability of Data and Materials

The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request with following link: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/12sA17XZcT3wB2NyFLqqcWlB5MozL3vrf?usp=sharing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Engineering Department, Eskisehir Technical University, Engineering FacultyIki Eylül Campus, 26555, Eskisehir, Turkey

    Tuğçe Gedik, Fadime Karaer Özmen & Filiz Bayrakcı Karel

  2. Health Programs Department, Open Education Faculty, Anadolu University, Yunus Emre Campus, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey

    Ali Savaş Koparal

Authors
  1. Tuğçe Gedik
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  2. Fadime Karaer Özmen
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  3. Filiz Bayrakcı Karel
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  4. Ali Savaş Koparal
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Contributions

Tuğçe GEDİK: Electrochemical experiments, data curation, validation, and visualization; Fadime KARAER ÖZMEN: TOC analysis, ICP-MS analysis, toxicity analysis, FTIR analysis, formal analysis, writing-original draft preparation, visualization, investigation. Filiz BAYRAKCI KAREL: Supervisor, conceptualization, methodology, and investigation. Ali Savaş KOPARAL: Conceptualization, methodology, investigation, reviewing, proof reading, and editing.

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Correspondence to Fadime Karaer Özmen.

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Gedik, T., Özmen, F.K., Karel, F.B. et al. Treatment of Metal Cutting Wastewaters in Bipolar Trickle Tower Reactor by Electrocoagulation and Electrochemical-Fenton methods: Reduction of Organic Matter, Boron, Heavy Metals, and Toxicity with Sludge Characterization. Water Air Soil Pollut 232, 481 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05423-6

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