Abstract
Key message
The structurally simplest amino acid glycine could make contribution to nuclease activity of S-RNase and self-incompatibility in S-RNase-based plants.
Abstract
S-RNase is regarded as inhibitor of self-pollen tube in S-RNase-based self-incompatibility plants. Certain residues like histidine are necessary for RNase activity and self-incompatibility; however, it is unknown whether any other residues contribute to this. Previously, we identified an association between the self-compatible Chinese pear (Pyrus × bretschneideri) cultivar ‘Yanzhuang’ (YZ) and a mutation causing a residue shift (glycine-to-valine) in the 2nd conserved region (C2) of S21-RNase; however, it was unclear how this nonpolar aliphatic amino acid substitution caused self-compatibility. In this study, we observed that ‘YZ’ offspring were self-compatible when S21-RNases were all mutated. In vitro pollen tube (S21S21) growth was not completely arrested by the mutated S21-RNase. Residue frequency analysis showed that the glycine residue is highly conserved in diverse S-RNases across many plant species. We therefore generated a mutated petunia SV′-RNase (glycine to valine) and transformed it into S3LS3L petunia. The transformed pistil could not inhibit SV pollen tubes. Three-dimensional protein prediction suggested that the glycine-to-valine mutation alters the spatial structure near the active site, and RNase activity of mutated S-RNase was reducing. Thus, the glycine residue in the C2 is essential for RNase activity, substitution of this residue leads to a failure of self-incompatibility.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD1000107), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31630066), the Construction of Beijing Science and Technology Innovation and Service Capacity in Top Subjects (CEFF-PXM2019_014207_000032).
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YL and TL conceived the research plans; YL performed most of the experiments; JW, WL, CW, JY, and CL performed the remaining experiments; YL and TL analyzed the data; and YL and TL, WL wrote the article.
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Sequence data from this article can be found in the GenBank/National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) data libraries under the following accession numbers: KC529670.1 (Pyrus × bretschneideri S19-RNase19); AY250989.3 (Pyrus × bretschneideri S21-RNase); DQ494676.1 (Pyrus × bretschneideri S34-RNase); AJ271065.1 (Petunia S3L-RNase); AJ271062.1 (Petunia SV-RNase).
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Li, Y., Wu, J., Wu, C. et al. A mutation near the active site of S-RNase causes self-compatibility in S-RNase-based self-incompatible plants. Plant Mol Biol 103, 129–139 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-020-00979-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-020-00979-z