Abstract
The present study focuses on developing a Cu2ZnSnS4 film using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as a complexing agent via a one-pot hydrothermal route. The effective Molybdenum oxide (MoOx) film has been developed along with the Cu2ZnSnS4 film preparation. The influences of various zinc concentrations on structural, optical, and electrical properties were also investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman investigations revealed their development of crystalline kesterite phase Cu2ZnSnS4 films with preferred orientation along the (112) plane. They revealed that structure property changes with zinc concentration: at a lower zinc concentration, Cu2ZnSnS4 and Cu2−XS phases developed, however with increasing concentrations of zinc (zinc-rich), a single kesterite phase Cu2ZnSnS4 evolved. Raman spectroscopy also verified the presence of a MoOX layer on the Mo substrate. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed surface morphology changes from coral reefs to flakes. UV-visible investigation revealed absorbance spectra with high absorption coefficient values exceeding 105 cm−1 in the visible and infrared regions. Single-phase (zinc-rich) Cu2ZnSnS4 film’s band gap was also anticipated to be 1.42 eV. The photoluminescence investigation of the (zinc-rich) single-phase Cu2ZnSnS4 film revealed an emission peak at 1.569 eV. The Hall Effect investigation demonstrated that the zinc-rich film is a p-type semiconductor with mobility of 15.6 cm−2 Vs−1, resistivity of 2 Ω cm, and charge carrier concentration of 1 × 1016 cm−3. The Mo foil /MoOx/CZTS/Zn0.35Cd0.65S /ZnO/Al heterojunction solar cell has been constructed well. With an open-circuit voltage of (0.410) V, a short-circuit current density of (12.6) mA/cm2 and a fill factor of (38.7%), a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of (2%) was achieved under 100 mW/cm2.
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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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We would like to thank the University of Technology and the School of Applied Sciences in Baghdad, Iraq, for conducting this study.
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NHA: contributed to the investigation, writing—original draft, methodology, and formal analysis. SMHA-J: contributed to writing—review and editing, administration, formal analysis, and investigation.
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Allawi, N.H., Al-Jawad, S.M.H. Facile growth of kesterite CZTS film by one-pot hydrothermal route using EDTA as complex agent for heterojunction solar cell applications: influence of zinc concentration. Opt Quant Electron 55, 1089 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05319-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05319-1