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Genetic relationships and diversity analysis in Turkish laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) germplasm using ISSR and SCoT markers

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Abstract

Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) has been used in the Mediterranean basin since ancient ages. Nowadays, Turkey, Mexico, Portugal, Italy, Spain, France, Algeria, and Morocco use aromatic leaves for commercial purposes, and Turkey is the largest exporter in the world. In this study, molecular characterization, and genetic relationships of 94 Turkish laurel genotypes were determined by ISSR and SCoT markers. The experiment was conducted with 16 ISSR and 10 SCoT markers. While 348 of 373 bands were polymorphic with a 93.3% polymorphism rate, Nei’s genetic distances ranged between 0.17 and 0.70 with 0.39 mean in ISSR. In SCoT, 175 of 227 bands were polymorphic with 77.1% polymorphism rate, and Nei’s genetic distances varied between 0.12 and 0.51. Sufficient genetic diversity determined with diversity parameters consisting of the average Shannon’s information index (ISSR: 0.46, SCoT:0.35), the overall gene diversity (ISSR:0.19, SCoT:0.18), and the effective number of alleles (ISSR:1.52, SCoT:1.38). AMOVA (Analysis of molecular variance) revealed most of the variation was within genotypes (96%). Neighbor-joining algorithms, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), and model-based structure resulted in harmony and clustered according to the geographical regions and provinces they collected. Genotypes were divided into two groups in ISSR and SCoT with UPGMA clustering resulting in a similar polymorphism distribution. The correlation coefficient (r) determined by marker systems’ Nei’s genetic distances was 0.25. The results of the study put forward resources for advanced breeding techniques, contribute to the preservation of genetic diversity, and management of genetic resources for the breeders.

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Acknowledgements

This study was produced from the doctoral dissertation number 620825 conducted at the Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Institute of Science. The authors express their gratitude to the BAP (Institution of Scientific Research Projects—Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University) for their support. The authors are thankful to Associate Prof. Dr. Faheem Shahzad BALOCH, Assistant Prof. Dr. Muhammad Azhar NADEEM, and Dr. Emrah GULER for assistance in the experiments.

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  1. Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030, Bolu, Turkey

    Abdurrahim Yilmaz & Vahdettin Ciftci

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  1. Abdurrahim Yilmaz
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  2. Vahdettin Ciftci
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Conceptualization: AY. Data curation: AY. Methodology: AY. Resource: AY. Software: AY. Supervision: VC. Validation: VC. Writing—original draft: AY. Writing—review & editing: VC.

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Correspondence to Abdurrahim Yilmaz.

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Yilmaz, A., Ciftci, V. Genetic relationships and diversity analysis in Turkish laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) germplasm using ISSR and SCoT markers. Mol Biol Rep 48, 4537–4547 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-06474-y

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