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Superoxide dismutase: a key target for the neuroprotective effects of curcumin

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Abstract

Over the past few years, the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) has increased dramatically. The community health system is burdened by the high healthcare costs associated with NDD. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a type of metalloenzyme that possesses a distinct characteristic of protecting the body from oxidative stress through antioxidants. In this way, SOD supplementation may activate the endogenous antioxidant mechanism in various pathological conditions and could be used to neutralize free radical excess. Several factors are responsible for damaging DNA and RNA in the body, including the overproduction of reactive species, particularly reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Excessive ROS/RNS have deleterious effects on mitochondria and their metabolic processes, mainly through increased mitochondrial proteins, lipids and DNA oxidation. Studies have shown that oxidative stress is implicated in the etiology of many diseases, including NDD. It is thought that anti-inflammatory compounds, particularly phytochemicals, can interfere with these pathways and regulate inflammation. Extensive experimental and clinical research has proven that curcumin (Cur) has anti-inflammatory and anti-neurologic properties. In this review, we have compiled the available data on Cur’s anti-inflammatory properties, paying special attention to its therapeutic impact on NDD through SOD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Danial Khayatan, Seyed Mehrad Razavi, Zahra Najafi Arab, Yasamin Hosseini, Amirhossein Niknejad & Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari

  2. GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran

    Danial Khayatan, Seyed Mehrad Razavi, Zahra Najafi Arab, Yasamin Hosseini, Amirhossein Niknejad, Saeideh Momtaz & Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari

  3. Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran

    Saeideh Momtaz & Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari

  4. Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Saeideh Momtaz & Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari

  5. Academic Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Hull, UK

    Thozhukat Sathyapalan

  6. Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Tannaz Jamialahmadi & Amirhossein Sahebkar

  7. Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Tannaz Jamialahmadi

  8. Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India

    Prashant Kesharwani

  9. Centre for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, India

    Prashant Kesharwani

  10. Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

  11. Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

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  1. Danial Khayatan
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  2. Seyed Mehrad Razavi
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  3. Zahra Najafi Arab
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  4. Yasamin Hosseini
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  6. Saeideh Momtaz
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  7. Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
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  8. Thozhukat Sathyapalan
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  10. Prashant Kesharwani
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Contributions

DK, SMR, ZNA, YH, AN, SM, AHA, TS, and TJ: wrote the main manuscript text and PK and AS: proofread and final edit the article.

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Correspondence to Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari, Prashant Kesharwani or Amirhossein Sahebkar.

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Khayatan, D., Razavi, S.M., Arab, Z.N. et al. Superoxide dismutase: a key target for the neuroprotective effects of curcumin. Mol Cell Biochem 479, 693–705 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-023-04757-5

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