References
Bandmann O, Davis MB, Marsden CD, Harding AE (1995) Sequence of the superoxide-dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene in familial Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 59:90–91. doi:10.1136/jnnp.59.1.90
Da Cruz S, Bui A, Saberi S, Lee SK, Stauffer J, McAlonis-Downes M, Schulte D, Schulte D, Pizzo DP, Parone PA, Cleveland DW et al (2017) Misfolded SOD1 is not a primary component of sporadic ALS. Acta Neuropathol. doi:10.1007/s00401-017-1688-8 (E-published ahead of print)
Davies KM, Bohic S, Carmona A, Ortega R, Cottam V, Hare DJ, Finberg JPM, Reyes S, Halliday GM, Mercer JFB et al (2014) Copper pathology in vulnerable brain regions in Parkinson’s disease. Neurobiol Aging 35:858–866. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.09.034
Guareschi S, Cova E, Cereda C, Ceroni M, Donetti E, Bosco DA, Trotti D, Pasinelli P (2012) An over-oxidized form of superoxide dismutase found in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with bulbar onset shares a toxic mechanism with mutant SOD1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109:5074–5079. doi:10.1073/pnas.1115402109
Hilton JB, White AR, Crouch PJ (2015) Metal-deficient SOD1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Mol Med 93:481–487. doi:10.1007/s00109-015-1273-3
Lynch SM, Colon W (2006) Dominant role of copper in the kinetic stability of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 340:457–461. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.12.024
McCann EP, Williams KL, Fifita JA, Tarr IS, O’Connor J, Rowe DB, Nicholson GA, Blair IP (2017) The genotype-phenotype landscape of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Australia. Clin Genet. doi:10.1111/cge.12973
Shaw BF, Valentine JS (2007) How do ALS-associated mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 promote aggregation of the protein? Trends Biochem Sci 32:78–85. doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2006.12.005
Toichi K, Yamanaka K, Furukawa Y (2013) Disulfide scrambling describes the oligomer formation of superoxide dismutase (SOD1) proteins in the familial form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Biol Chem 288:4970–4980. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.414235
Trist BG, Davies KM, Cottam V, Genoud S, Ortega R, Roudeau S, Carmona A, De Silva K, Wasinger V, Lewis SJG et al (2017) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like superoxide dismutase 1 proteinopathy is associated with neuronal loss in Parkinson’s disease brain. Acta Neuropathol 134:113–127. doi:10.1007/s00401-017-1726-6
Yamakura F, Kawasaki H (2010) Post-translational modifications of superoxide dismutase. Biochem Biophys Acta 1804:318–325. doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.10.010
Acknowledgements
Tissues were received from the New South Wales Tissue Resource Centre at the University of Sydney, supported by the Schizophrenia Research Institute and the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIH (NIAAA) R24AA012725), from the Sydney Brain Bank, which is supported by Neuroscience Research Australia and the University of New South Wales.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
B.G.T. and K.L.D. designed the study. B.G.T. and K.L.D. applied for all human tissues. B.G.T. and K.L.D. raised funds for the study. B.G.T. and K.L.D. gained human research ethics approval. S.J.G.L. and G.M.H. provided clinical information for all human tissue cases obtained. J.A.F, S.E.F and I.P.B performed the experiments and analyzed the data. B.G.T., D.J.H. and K.L.D. wrote drafts of the manuscript. All authors edited the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no competing financial interests or conflicts of interest.
Funding
This work was supported by funds from Parkinson’s NSW (2015 and 2016 seed grants) and the University of Sydney (Biomedical Science, BRIG).
Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Trist, B.G., Fifita, J.A., Freckleton, S.E. et al. Accumulation of dysfunctional SOD1 protein in Parkinson’s disease is not associated with mutations in the SOD1 gene. Acta Neuropathol 135, 155–156 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-017-1779-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-017-1779-6