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Natural convection of hybrid nanofluids inside a partitioned porous cavity for application in solar power plants

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Abstract

The present article deals with the CFD simulation of natural convection heat transfer of a hybrid nanofluid in an inverted T-shaped cavity partitioned and saturated by two different types of porous media. Suspensions of organic and inorganic nanoparticles, i.e., MWCNTs and Fe3O4, in water were selected as the working fluid. The macroscopic conservation equations for the flow field and heat transfer were modeled via volume averaging the microscopic equations inside porous media over a representative elementary volume. The effects of many parameters were investigated. The parameters included the Rayleigh number (Ra = 103–106), porosity coefficient ratio of two porous media (εr = 0.5–1.8), volume fraction of the dispersed nanoparticles (\(\varphi\) = 0–0.003), Richardson number (Ri = 0.1–20), Darcy number ratio of two porous media (Dar = 0.01, 1, 100) and thermal conductivity ratio of two porous media (kr = 0.2, 0.4, 1, 5). The results showed that, with an increase in the Rayleigh number, porosity ratio and Darcy number ratio and decrease in the thermal conductivity ratio, the averaged Nusselt number increased.

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Abbreviations

AR:

Cavity obstruction ratio

Da :

Darcy number

k :

Thermal conductivity

L :

Height of cavity

L 1 :

Width of cavity

Nu :

Nusselt number

p :

Pressure

Pr :

Prandtl number

T :

Temperature

u, v :

Nondimensional velocity components

W :

Length of cavity

W 1 :

Width of cavity

x, y :

Coordinate

ε :

Porosity

α :

Thermal diffusivity

\(\varphi\) :

Volume fraction

β :

Thermal expansion coefficient

μ :

Dynamic viscosity

ρ :

Viscosity

c:

Cold

f:

Fluid

h:

Hot

nf:

Nanofluid

*:

Dimensional parameters

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, Damghan University, P.O. Box 3671641167, Damghan, Iran

    Rasul Mohebbi

  2. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran

    S. A. M. Mehryan

  3. Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

    Mohsen Izadi

  4. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, Shaanxi, China

    Omid Mahian

  5. Center for Advanced Technologies, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    Omid Mahian

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  1. Rasul Mohebbi
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  2. S. A. M. Mehryan
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  3. Mohsen Izadi
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  4. Omid Mahian
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Correspondence to Rasul Mohebbi or Mohsen Izadi.

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Mohebbi, R., Mehryan, S.A.M., Izadi, M. et al. Natural convection of hybrid nanofluids inside a partitioned porous cavity for application in solar power plants. J Therm Anal Calorim 137, 1719–1733 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08019-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08019-9

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