Abstract
Semi-aromatic copolyamides PA10T10I and PA10T10F based on bio-based poly(decamethylene terephthalamide) (PA10T) were synthesized by a two-step polycondensation technique. The nonisothermal crystallization of these semi-aromatic polyamides was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. Avrami theory modified by Jeziorny and Mo equation was used to describe the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of these semi-aromatic polyamides, respectively. The crystallization activation energies were obtained by Kissinger method. The crystallization temperature, crystallization rate and activation energy were explained by regularity and flexibility of chain.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Zhang Z, Huang K, Liu Z. Synthesis of high molecular weight nylon 46 in supercritical carbon dioxide. Macromolecules. 2011;44:820–5.
Sun Z, Wang X, Guo F, Jiang C, Pan Q. Isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of bio-sourced nylon 69. Chin J Chem Eng. 2016;24:638–45.
Liu H, Yang G, He A, Wu M. Isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of a semicrystalline copolyterephthalamide based on poly (decamethylene terephthalamide). J Appl Polym Sci. 2004;94:819–26.
Millot C, Fillot L-A, Lame O, Sotta P, Seguela R. Assessment of polyamide-6 crystallinity by DSC. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2015;122(1):307–14.
Layachi A, Frihi D, Satha H, Seguela R, Gherib S. Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of polyamide 66/glass fibers/carbon black composites. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2016;124(3):1319–29.
Leboeuf C. US5981692A, 1999.
Davis AC, Edwards TE. Brit. Pat. 1070416, 1967.
Liedloff HJ. Schmid, M. U.S. Pat. 5,708,125, 1998.
Ng H. U.S. Pat. 6,355,769, 2002.
Sawada M, Ogo Y. JP2002293926A, 2002.
Nakajima M, Sekine H, Demura S. JP2002293928A, 2002.
Kabasci S. Polyamides from biomass derived monomers. Hoboken: Wiley; 2013.
Pagacz J, Raftopoulos KN, Leszczyńska A, Pielichowski K. Bio-polyamides based on renewable raw materials. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2016;123:1225–37.
Sheldon RA. Green and sustainable manufacture of chemicals from biomass: state of the art. Green Chem. 2014;16:950–63.
Gandini A. Furans as offspring of sugars and polysaccharides and progenitors of a family of remarkable polymers: a review of recent progress. Polym Chem. 2009;1:245–51.
Gandini A, Lacerda TM. From monomers to polymers from renewable resources: recent advances. Prog Polym Sci. 2015;48:1–39.
Sousa AF, Vilela C, Fonseca AC, Matos M, Freire CSR, Gruter GJM, Coelho JFJ, Silvestre AJD. Biobased polyesters and other polymers from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid: a tribute to furan excellency. Polym Chem. 2015;6:5961–83.
Layachi A, Frihi D, Satha H, Seguela R, Gherib S. Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of polyamide 66/glass fibers/carbon black composites. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2016;3:1–11.
Zhang Z, Chen C, Wang C, Guo J, Mai K. Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of isotactic polypropylene nucleated with a novel supported β-nucleating agent. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2011;103:311–8.
Zhang F, Wang B, Man R, Peng Z. Isothermal crystallization kinetics of in situ Nylon 6/graphene composites by differential scanning calorimetry. Polym Eng Sci. 2014;54:1381–8.
Ozawa T. Kinetics of non-isothermal crystallization. Polymer. 1971;12:150–8.
Fan Q, Duan F, Tian H. Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of polypropylene and hyperbranched polyester blends. Chin J Chem Eng. 2015;23:441–5.
Mandelkern L. Methods of experimental physics. New York: Academic Press; 1980. p. 81–105.
Jeziorny A. Parameters characterizing the kinetics of the non-isothermal crystallization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) determined by DSC. Polymer. 1978;19:1142–4.
Cui X, Qing S, Yan D. Isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of novel odd–odd polyamide 9 11. Eur Polym J. 2005;41:3060–8.
Song J, Zhang H, Ren M, Chen Q, Sun X, Wang S, Zhang H, Mo Z. Crystal transition of nylon-12,12 under drawing and annealing. Macromol Rapid Commun. 2005;26:487–90.
Lorenzo MLD, Silvestre C. Non-isothermal crystallization of polymers. Prog Polym Sci. 1999;24:917–50.
Zhang F, Peng XC, Yan WB, Peng ZY, Shen YQ. Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of in situ nylon 6/graphene composites by differential scanning calorimetry. J Polym Sci, Part B: Polym Phys. 2011;49:1381–8.
Kissinger HE. Variation of Peak Temperature with heating rate in differential thermal analysis. J. Res Natl Stand. 1956;57:217–21.
Albano C, Papa J, Ichazo M, González J, Ustariz C. Application of different macrokinetic models to the isothermal crystallization of PP/talc blends. Compos Struct. 2003;62:291–302.
Acknowledgements
We are grateful for the financial support from National Key Technology Support Program of the People’s Republic of China (2013BAE02B00).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sun, X., Mai, K., Zhang, C. et al. Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of bio-based semi-aromatic polyamides. J Therm Anal Calorim 130, 1021–1030 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6434-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6434-x