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Heel crack propagation mechanism of cold-rolled Cu/Al clad ribbon bonding in harsh environment

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Abstract

A cold-rolled Cu/Al clad ribbon was bonded on an electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG)-finished Cu substrate by ultrasonic bonding. The bonding samples were subjected to harsh conditions such as thermal exposure at 200 °C and thermal shock at −40/250 °C. The microstructural evolution and textural transitions in the Cu/Al clad ribbons were analyzed using electron backscatter diffraction to understand the heel crack propagation mechanism. The heel cracks were initiated at the edge of the Al layer between the bonded and non-bonded zones and were propagated along the coarsened grain boundaries deep into the cladded Cu layer. The continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) transition phenomena around the heel cracks were scrutinized by electron backscatter pattern analysis to reveal the different microstructural and textural evolutions as a function of the ultrasonic bonding process at the bonded part and of lift-up at the non-bonded part. The heel cracks were occurred by grain coarsening due to CDRX within the Al layer during the environmental tests. The region of coarsened grains by CDRX was extended with increasing test periods. Especially in the thermal shock tests at −40/250 °C, severe grain coarsening was found involving significant transformation of sub-grains into grains by rapid CDRX development. Thus, heel crack propagation accelerated more during thermal shock cycles than during high-temperature storage.

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Acknowledgments

The present work was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grant Number 24226017. The authors thank Mr. Osami Iizuka at Technoalpha Co., Ltd. for his assistance with the ribbon bonding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Adaptive Machine Systems, Osaka University, 8–1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567–0047, Japan

    Semin Park

  2. The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8–1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567–0047, Japan

    Shijo Nagao, Tohru Sugahara & Katsuaki Suganuma

Authors
  1. Semin Park
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  2. Shijo Nagao
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  3. Tohru Sugahara
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  4. Katsuaki Suganuma
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Correspondence to Semin Park.

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Park, S., Nagao, S., Sugahara, T. et al. Heel crack propagation mechanism of cold-rolled Cu/Al clad ribbon bonding in harsh environment. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 26, 7277–7289 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-015-3355-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-015-3355-y

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