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Validation of quantitative trait loci for biofortification traits and variability research on agro-morphological, physiological, and quality traits in dicoccum wheat (Triticum dicoccum Schrank.)

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Abstract

Markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL)  must be validated in diverse genetic materials before they can be reliably used in molecular breeding programs. Here, 30 simple sequence repeat markers linked to QTL for grain iron content (GFeC), grain zinc content (GZnC), and grain protein content (GPC) were analyzed in 56 diverse dicoccum wheat genotypes. Seven markers were validated, including four (Xwmc617, Xbarc67, Xwmc283, Xgwm361) for grain iron content, one (Xbarc146) for both grain iron and protein contents; one more for grain protein (Xgwm408) and one for grain zinc content (Xgwm271). The segregating F2 population developed from the high-quality local landrace GPM DIC 87, and the high-yielding low-quality commercial cultivar (HW 1098) was used to revalidate the identified QTL-linked markers. As a result, Xgwm271 and Xbarc67 were re-validated in the F2 population, with values for phenotypic variation explained (PVE) of 56.50% and 72.78%, respectively. These two markers may serve as ideal candidates for molecular breeding programs to improve grain micronutrient contents. Additionally, the evaluation of the F2 population for agro-morphological, physiological, and quality traits, revealed large variability that can be useful for trait improvement. This population generated rare transgressive segregants with desirable allelic combinations that may be ideal for improving grain yield, grain quality, and physiological efficiency.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 580 005, India

    Rohit Kumar, S. A. Desai & U. Fyroj

  2. AICRP On Wheat, MARS, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 580 005, India

    Suma S. Biradar, Mahalaxmi K. Patil & Lalita Jaggal

  3. ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India

    Gopalareddy Krishnappa & Sewa Ram

  4. ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India

    Gopalareddy Krishnappa

  5. University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 580 005, India

    R. R. Hanchinal

  6. Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 580 005, India

    Kiran K. Mirajkar

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  1. Rohit Kumar
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  2. Suma S. Biradar
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  9. U. Fyroj
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Contributions

SSB, RK, RRH and SAD conceptualized the research plan. GK and RK carried out data analysis. MKP, LJ, UF, and KKM carried out the experimentation. GK and SR analysed grain iron, zinc and protein content. GK wrote the original draft and all authors reviewed and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Suma S. Biradar or Gopalareddy Krishnappa.

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Kumar, R., Biradar, S.S., Patil, M.K. et al. Validation of quantitative trait loci for biofortification traits and variability research on agro-morphological, physiological, and quality traits in dicoccum wheat (Triticum dicoccum Schrank.). Genet Resour Crop Evol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-024-01973-w

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