Abstract
Canopy temperature (CT) is considered a reliable proxy for stomatal conductance. Low CT values of plant canopies under water-limited conditions are associated with high transpiration indicating plants’ drought tolerance. Many U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW) adapted wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars lack stress-adaptive traits resulting in poor performance in drought environments. This study aims to identify the stress-adaptive traits by evaluating the CT in spring wheat populations across different soil moisture conditions in the PNW. An infrared thermometer was used to estimate the CT in two families of recombinant inbred lines, ‘Alpowa’ × ‘Express’ (AE population) and ‘Hollis’ × ‘Drysdale’ (HD population), in rainfed and irrigated environments of the dryland PNW in 2011 to 2013. Higher reductions in grain yield up to 170%, spike length up to 25%, and spikelets spike−1 up to 19% were observed in a rainfed environment compared to the reductions in an irrigated environment. A significant variation in CT was observed in both AE and HD populations. With 1 °C increase in CT at the anthesis stage, grain yield was lowered up to 38 g m−2. Low CT was associated with high grain yield and agronomic traits in both wheat populations (r = − 0.18 to − 0.55, P ≤ 0.05). The highest association between CT and grain yield was observed at anthesis (r = − 0.47) and milking (r = − 0.38) stages (P ≤ 0.001). Our results show that screening for low CT during terminal wheat growth stage is an effective strategy for improving the selection of new drought-tolerant wheat varieties in the PNW.
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Data availability
The datasets generated and analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- AE population:
-
Alpowa × Express population
- CT:
-
Canopy temperature
- G × E:
-
Genotype by environment interaction
- HD population:
-
Hollis × Drysdale population
- PNW:
-
Pacific Northwest
- REML:
-
Restricted maximum likelihood
- RILs:
-
Recombinant inbred lines
- Z :
-
Zadok’s growth scale
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Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to Ron Sloot for his help in field management and to several undergraduate students for their assistance in field measurements.
Funding
This research was funded through Washington Wheat Commission, Goldsworthy Wheat Research Fund, USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project 1017286, and a Monsanto Beachell Borlaug fellowship.
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All authors have important contributions on project design, performing the experiments and preparing the manuscript. SLS carried out research activities and SHH helped supervise the project. SLS wrote the manuscript with input from all authors. KAG-C contributed in developing research methodologies and statistical analysis, CMS aided in physiological trait screening, WLP assisted on technical details, and SHH directed the overall project. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript. All authors provided critical feedback and helped shape the research, analysis, and manuscript.
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Shrestha, S.L., Garland-Campbell, K.A., Steber, C.M. et al. Association of canopy temperature with agronomic traits in spring wheat inbred populations. Euphytica 219, 7 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-022-03135-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-022-03135-4