Abstract
Second-generation bioethanol is a sustainable energy source that can be produced from different renewable materials. However, there is a challenge we must overcome to significantly enhance bioethanol production: the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars. Synergistic enzymes, such as endoglucanases, β-glucosidases, cellobiohydrolases, and, more recently, lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases and cellobiose dehydrogenases have been used with great success to hydrolyze pretreated biomass. Further advances in the field of second-generation bioethanol production will likely depend on an increased understanding of the interactions between enzymes and lignocellulosic substrates, the development of enzyme engineering, and the optimization of enzyme mixtures to enhance cellulose hydrolysis.
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The authors thank the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP 2017/16159-0, 2018/20787-9 and 2019/08542-3) and also Emanuele Kendrick for kindly providing the image used in Fig. 1.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Literature search, data analysis and first draft of the manuscript was written by FCB and MAS. RG had the idea and critically revised the manuscript. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Barbosa, F.C., Silvello, M.A. & Goldbeck, R. Cellulase and oxidative enzymes: new approaches, challenges and perspectives on cellulose degradation for bioethanol production. Biotechnol Lett 42, 875–884 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-020-02875-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-020-02875-4