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Assessment of the LED phototherapy on femoral bone defects of ovariectomized rats: a Raman spectral study

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Abstract

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by the reduction of bone mineral density. LED wavelengths seem to have similar photo-stimulating effects to laser light. The aim of this study was to assess the Raman shifts: ∼960 (phosphate hydroxyapatite), ∼1,070 (carbonate hydroxyapatite), and ∼1,454 cm −1 (lipids and proteins) on bone defects of ovariectomized rats treated or not with LED phototherapy (LED-PT). Thirty female rats were divided into four groups (Basal, OVX, OVX+Clot, and OVX+Clot+LED), then subdivided into two subgroups (15 and 30 days after surgery). Osteoporosis induction by ovariectomy (OVX) was performed in all groups, except for the normal basal group. Following development of osteoporosis, one surgical bone defect (5 mm2) was created on the femur of each animal. Defects were irradiated with LED light (λ = 850 ± 10 nm, P = 150 mW, CW, Ф = 0.5 cm2, 20.4 J/cm2 per session, t = 128 s, 163.2 J/cm2 per treatment) at 48 h interval during 2 weeks. Raman measurements were taken at the surface of the defects 30 days after surgery. Significant difference between groups Basal, OVX+Clot, and OVX+Clot+LED for the peaks at ∼960 (p ≤ 0.001; 15 and 30 days), ∼1,070 (p ≤ 0.001; 15 and 30 days), and ∼1,450 cm−1 (p = 0.002; 15 days; p = 0.004; 30 days) were detected. In addition, statistical differences were obtained between groups OVX, OVX+Clot, and OVX+Clot+LED for these same peaks at all time points (p ≤ 0.001). At 15 and 30 days, there were statistical differences between groups OVX+Clot and OVX+Clot+LED for the peaks at ∼960 (p ≤ 0.001), ∼1,070 (p ≤ 0.001; p = 0.003), and ∼1,450 cm−1 (p ≤ 0.001; p = 0.002). The results of this study are indicative that infrared LED-PT improved the deposition of HA on bone defects of ovariectomized rats.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for providing the financial support for this project.

Conflict of interest

The authors received a grant from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), a government research agency, but have full control of all primary data and agree to allow the journal to review their data if requested.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araújo Pinho, 62, Canela, Salvador, BA, 40110-150, Brazil

    Jouber Mateus dos Santos Aciole, Isabele Cardoso Vieira de Castro, Luiz Guilherme Pinheiro Soares, Artur Felipe Santos Barbosa, Gilberth Tadeu dos Santos Aciole & Antonio L. B. Pinheiro

  2. National Institute of Optics and Photonics, University of São Paulo, Physics Institute of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil, 13560-970

    Antonio L. B. Pinheiro

  3. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Unicastelo, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, 12245-230

    Landulfo Silveira Jr. & Antonio L. B. Pinheiro

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  1. Jouber Mateus dos Santos Aciole
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  2. Isabele Cardoso Vieira de Castro
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  3. Luiz Guilherme Pinheiro Soares
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Correspondence to Antonio L. B. Pinheiro.

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Aciole, J.M.d.S., de Castro, I.C.V., Soares, L.G.P. et al. Assessment of the LED phototherapy on femoral bone defects of ovariectomized rats: a Raman spectral study. Lasers Med Sci 29, 1269–1277 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-013-1509-9

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