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A glassy carbon electrode modified with a platinum nanoparticle/cage-like PbS nanostructure for direct electron transfer to enzymes and for use in biosensing

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Abstract

A cage-like PbS nanostructure was functionalized with platinum nanoparticles, and the resulting material (PtNP@PbS) was deposited on a glassy carbon electrode in order to study the direct electron transfer to FADH2 in glucose oxidase (GOx) and further to construct a glucose biosensor. The PtNP@PbS nanostructure and the biosensor were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and by cyclic voltammetry. Compared to the use of cage-like PbS alone, the PtNP@PbS nanostructure shows much higher electrochemical activity and an enhanced direct electron transfer rate. The GOx loaded onto the nanostructure displays good enzymatic activity and an apparent electron transfer rate constant of 3.0 s−1. The glucose biosensor is operated best at −0.4 V (vs. SCE) and then exhibits a linear range that extends from 4 μM to 1.1 mM, with a detection limit as low as 1 μM (at an S/N ratio of 3). The biosensor is selective, acceptably repeatable and stable. It was applied to the determination of glucose in human serum samples.

Platinum nanoparticles functionalized cage-like PbS (PtNP@PbS) nanostructured composite is fabricated, characterized, and employed to immobilize glucose oxidase (GOx) for direct-electron-transfer-based electrochemical glucose biosensing applications.

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Acknowledgments

The financial support for this work was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 21475116, 21575125, and 21575124), Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province and High-end talent support program of Yangzhou University for Zhanjun Yang, Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institution (PAPD), and the Six Talent Peaks Project of Jiangsu Province for Juan Li. In addition, many thanks are given to the Testing Center of Yangzhou University for all of the characterizations that were performed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People’s Republic of China

    Juan Li, Ying Huang, Yaru Chen, Zhiqin Jian, Yongcai Zhang, Xiaoya Hu & Zhanjun Yang

  2. College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People’s Republic of China

    Geshan Zhang

Authors
  1. Juan Li
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  2. Ying Huang
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  3. Yaru Chen
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  4. Zhiqin Jian
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  5. Geshan Zhang
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  6. Yongcai Zhang
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  7. Xiaoya Hu
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  8. Zhanjun Yang
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Correspondence to Juan Li or Zhanjun Yang.

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Highlights

• PtNP@cage-like PbS nanostructure was prepared for the immobilization of enzymes.

• Direct electron transfer of GOx at PtNP@cage-like PbS nanostructure was studied.

• The glucose biosensor showed high assay capability.

• PtNP@cage-like PbS nanostructure provides a potential matrix for biosensing applications.

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Li, J., Huang, Y., Chen, Y. et al. A glassy carbon electrode modified with a platinum nanoparticle/cage-like PbS nanostructure for direct electron transfer to enzymes and for use in biosensing. Microchim Acta 184, 4845–4852 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2528-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2528-1

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