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Mechanistic Understanding of Gordonia sp. in Biodesulfurization of Organosulfur Compounds

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Abstract

Although conventional oil refining process like hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is capable of removing sulfur compounds present in crude oil, it cannot desulfurize recalcitrant organosulfur compounds such as dibenzothiophenes (DBTs), benzothiophenes (BTs), etc. Biodesulfurization (BDS) is a process of selective removal of sulfur moieties from DBT or BT by desulfurizing microbes. Therefore, BDS can be used as a complementary and economically feasible technology to achieve deep desulfurization of crude oil without affecting the calorific value. In the recent past, members of biodesulfurizing actinomycete genus Gordonia, isolated from versatile environments like soil, activated sludge, human beings etc. have been greatly exploited in the field of petroleum refining technology. The bacterium Gordonia sp. is slightly acid-fast and has been used for unconventional but potential oil refining processes like BDS in petroleum refineries. Gordonia sp. is unique in a way, that it can desulfurize both aliphatic and aromatic organosulfurs without affecting the calorific value of hydrocarbon molecules. Till date, approximately six different species and nineteen strains of the genus Gordonia have been recognized for BDS activity. Various factors such as enzyme specificity, availability of essential cofactors, feedback inhibition, toxicity of organic pollutants and the oil–water separations limit the desulfurization rate of microbial biocatalyst and influence its commercial applications. The current review selectively highlights the role of this versatile genus in removing sulfur from fossil fuels, mechanisms and future prospects on sustainable environment friendly technologies for crude oil refining.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, Govt. of India for financial support for this work under the grant YSS/2015/001541/LS. We thank Director, CMER&TI, Central Silk Board for consistent support and valuable guidance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Central Muga Eri Research & Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Jorhat, Assam, 785700, India

    Mainu Kalita, Mahananda Chutia & Gangavarapu Subrahmanyam

  2. Departments of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India

    Mainu Kalita & Dhruva Kumar Jha

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  1. Mainu Kalita
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The authors have made the following declaration about their contributions. Conceptualization: MK and GS; literature compilation and writing of the manuscript: MK and GS; Data curation, figures and tables preparation: MK and GS; Drafting and correction of the work: MC and DKJ; Edited and finalized the manuscript: GS.

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Correspondence to Gangavarapu Subrahmanyam.

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Kalita, M., Chutia, M., Jha, D.K. et al. Mechanistic Understanding of Gordonia sp. in Biodesulfurization of Organosulfur Compounds. Curr Microbiol 79, 82 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-022-02770-3

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