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Bioprospecting acid- and arsenic-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for mitigation of arsenic toxicity in acidic agricultural soils

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Abstract

Widespread use of chemical fertilizers and falling productivity in traditional agricultural practices has led to the biodiversity hotspot of North-Eastern region of India to face imminent threat to soil nutrients and biodiversity. The present work aimed to isolate rhizobacteria from Oryza sativa L. to evaluate their plant growth-promoting traits like indole, ammonia, siderophore production, and phosphate solubilization followed by in vitro plant growth promotion and anti-fungal assessment against Curvularia oryzae. Moreover, presence of heavy metals such as arsenic in chemical fertilizers and in groundwater contributes to arsenic contamination of agricultural soil. Taking this into consideration for the present study, the background metal content of the bulk soil, roots and grains of rice was measured. Arsenic tolerance of the rhizobacterial isolates was assessed using different concentrations of arsenite- and arsenate-supplemented media. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic tree analysis identified the isolates as Bacillus paramycoides, B. albus, B. altitudinis, B. koreensis, B. megaterium, B. wiedmannii, B. paramycoides, Chryseobacterium gleum, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Pseudomonas shirazica. Considering the acidic nature of the paddy growing soil, the growth kinetics of the isolates were monitored in acid and arsenic-supplemented conditions for 48 h of growth. Few isolates showed potent anti-fungal activity against the late blight phytopathogen, Curvularia oryzae MTCC 2605, apart from being potential growth promoters. The findings open vistas for the mass production of the characterized PGP rhizobacteria for their application in rehabilitation of the degrading arsenic contaminated paddy fields.

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Acknowledgements

NA acknowledges the financial support received from Council of Scientific & Industrial Research [09/0347(12424)/2021-EMR-I] as fellowship to carry out the present study. Authors acknowledge DST-FIST[SR/FST/LSI-666/2016(C)] and UGC-SAP [F.4-7/2016/DRS-1(SAP-II)] for the financial support provided to the parent department.

Funding

The authors acknowledge the funding received from Council of Scientific & Industrial Research [09/0347(12424)/2021-EMR-I] as fellowship and also DST-FIST[SR/FST/LSI-666/2016(C)] and UGC-SAP [F.4-7/2016/DRS-1(SAP-II)] for the financial support provided to the parent department.

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  1. Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793 022, India

    Nirmala Akoijam & Santa Ram Joshi

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  1. Nirmala Akoijam
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. NA carried out the material preparation, data collection and analysis. SRJ wrote the first draft and both authors contributed to improvement of the manuscript and approval of the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Santa Ram Joshi.

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Akoijam, N., Joshi, S.R. Bioprospecting acid- and arsenic-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for mitigation of arsenic toxicity in acidic agricultural soils. Arch Microbiol 205, 229 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-023-03567-z

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