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Wheat Responses and Tolerance to Terminal Heat Stress: A Review

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Wheat Production in Changing Environments

Abstract

Supraoptimal temperatures and unpredictable fluctuations in global climate adversely affect plant growth and development resulting in a severe threat to wheat production. Although all the growth stages of wheat are sensitive to supraoptimal temperatures, the reproductive phase is the most sensitive one as it affects both grain setting and grain filling (GF). High temperature can alter biochemical, physiological, and morpho-anatomical behavior in wheat, which in turn affects its growth and development causing a reduction in pollen viability, duration of GF, and starch synthesis in the endosperm. At flowering, temperature above optimum results in seed sterility, while post-anthesis heat stress (HS) causes a reduction in starch biosynthesis and alters its composition. Wheat crop has evolved appropriate mechanisms such as escape, avoidance, and/or stay green to cope with HS. In addition, plants hasten the production of HS-related proteins such as heat shock proteins (HSPs) as their defense approach. An overview of wheat responses and tolerance to HS at biochemical, physiological, and morpho-anatomical behavior may help in formulating appropriate breeding strategies for wheat crop improvement.

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Abbreviations

AGPase:

Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase

CT:

Canopy temperature

EC:

Electrical conductivity

GBSS:

Granule-bound starch synthase

GF:

Grain filling

GFD:

Grain filling duration

GN:

Grain number

GW:

Grain weight

GY:

Grain yield

HMW:

High molecular weight

HS:

Heat stress

HSF:

Heat shock factor

HSP:

Heat shock protein

LMW:

Low molecular weight

PT:

Productive tillers

QTLs:

Quantitative trait loci

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RWC:

Relative water content

SBE:

Starch branching enzyme

SS:

Starch synthase

SSS:

Soluble starch synthase

TGW:

Thousand grain weight

THS:

Terminal heat stress

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat & Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India

    Davinder Sharma, Rajender Singh, Ratan Tiwari & Rakesh Kumar

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India

    Davinder Sharma & Vijay Kumar Gupta

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  1. Davinder Sharma
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  2. Rajender Singh
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  4. Rakesh Kumar
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  1. Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

  2. Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Kamrun Nahar

  3. Subtropical Field Science Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan

    Md. Amzad Hossain

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Sharma, D., Singh, R., Tiwari, R., Kumar, R., Gupta, V.K. (2019). Wheat Responses and Tolerance to Terminal Heat Stress: A Review. In: Hasanuzzaman, M., Nahar, K., Hossain, M. (eds) Wheat Production in Changing Environments. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6883-7_7

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