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Molecular Linkage Mapping in Brassica juncea: Founding the Basis for Marker-Assisted Selection

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The Brassica juncea Genome

Part of the book series: Compendium of Plant Genomes ((CPG))

Abstract

Genetic maps are a prerequisite for understanding genome organization, map-based cloning, and marker-assisted selection of agronomically important traits in crops. The application of genetic markers to genetic mapping and quantitative trait locus analyses in Brassica juncea is now well-established. Extensive genetic mapping efforts have been made in B. juncea allowing inclusive genome-wide comparisons, discovery of evolutionary rearrangements, and identification of syntenic relationships with other Brassica species. The earliest genetic maps developed in B. juncea used different types of mapping populations and were based on DNA markers like restriction fragment length polymorphism, random amplified polymorphic DNA, and amplified fragment length polymorphisms which were gradually superseded by single-nucleotide polymorphisms due to their abundance in the genomes and their flexibility for high-throughput genotyping platforms. High-resolution genetic maps of B. juncea have provided the scaffolds on which whole-genome sequences have been assembled, thus representing a vital link between the breeding and sequencing research. Molecular breeding of several qualitative and quantitative traits, like white rust resistance, fatty acid contents, seed coat color, and glucosinolates content, have been successfully undertaken using a wide array of genetic markers and maps. Extensive research on white rust resistance utilizing diverse genotypes with varied levels of resistance/susceptibility to the disease by using different approaches, like bulked segregant analysis and comparative mapping with Arabidopsis thaliana, has led to the identification of key genetic loci imparting resistance against one of the most destructive diseases in B. juncea. Seed coat color is another trait of interest in breeding of B. juncea lines, as the character is known to be associated with protein and fiber content and has also been proposed as an important factor for increasing seed oil content. Different studies on the genetic improvement of the B. juncea cultivars leading to enhancement in the nutritional quality of the oil and meal have focused on composition and quantities of various fatty acids and glucosinolates. This chapter assembles the past and present research in classical and modern molecular breeding approaches, and describes the advances with specific examples of crucial agricultural and economic traits in B. juncea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India

    Satish K. Yadava

  2. School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Nirala Ramchiary

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  1. Satish K. Yadava
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  2. Nirala Ramchiary
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Correspondence to Nirala Ramchiary .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. President, International Climate Resilient Crop Genomics Consortium (ICRCGC), President, International Phytomedomics & Nutriomics Consortium (IPNC) and President, Genome India International (GII), New Delhi, India

    Chittaranjan Kole

  2. Secretary, Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Government of India; and Director General, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, India

    Trilochan Mohapatra

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Yadava, S.K., Ramchiary, N. (2022). Molecular Linkage Mapping in Brassica juncea: Founding the Basis for Marker-Assisted Selection. In: Kole, C., Mohapatra, T. (eds) The Brassica juncea Genome. Compendium of Plant Genomes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91507-0_11

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