Abstract
After a brief description of basic features of fatty acids (FAs), this chapter summarizes recent findings of FAs in terms of sensing, uptake, and transport. Major transporter families are cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs), fatty-acid-binding proteins, ATP-binding cassettes, and intracellular lipid-binding proteins (iLBPs). Besides transport, these proteins are crucial in immunity, pathogen defense, and trafficking further essential biological cell functions. Furthermore, the fine-tuning of FA transport is briefly outlined. Recent studies signify short-chain FAs and lipoic acid as immune and broad health modulators. Based on metabolomics, evidence is accumulating that several saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are deficient during pathogen challenges; therefore, the defense response of the host can be boosted by exogenous supplementation of these SFAs. The role of the intestinal microbiota is beginning to be well understood, particularly with respect to short-chain FAs; the first information of controlling function via epigenetics is available.
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Steinberg, C.E.W. (2022). Fatty Acids—‘Fueling Versus Steering’. In: Aquatic Animal Nutrition. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87227-4_26
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