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Genic Conservation and Genetic Improvement of Hevea brasiliensis

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Abstract

Domestication of Hevea which descended from seeds transported from Brazil to South-East Asia started since 1860 with minuscule of genetic diversities within the Wickham germplasm, and the eventual progress that happened during the last 70 years resulted in primary and secondary clones with exceptional yielding abilities. South East Asian countries succeeded in developing productive cultivars, but challenges are many including climatic vagaries that are likely to challenge its cultivation in the future. This review deals with the genic conservation of Hevea and its vitality in sustainable breeding approaches aimed to improve its productivity and its adaptability to varying agroclimatic conditions. The molecular breeding approaches that started with genome analysis and exploration for genomic markers such as RAPD, RFLP, AFLP, EST-SSR or microsatellite markers and SNPs with the advent of new generation sequencing technologies, resulted in sudden spike in the rate of information generated on such markers. These abundant genomic data also contributed for the phylogenetic analysis apart from designing breeding strategies. Studies on G × E interaction by simultaneous incorporation of phenotypic as well as genotypic information contributed to shorten the length of the selection cycle. The phenotypic data collected over decades can also contribute for the genomic selection of superior varieties. This responsibility entirely lies with the breeder who can only glean the apt information from the vast available data and translate into superior varieties of Hevea. This review presents the overall latest development in genomic information and its implications in crop improvement aspects of Hevea.

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  1. Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam, India

    M. B. Mohamed Sathik & T. Gireesh

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  1. (erstwhile with the Rubber Research Institute of India), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

    P.M. Priyadarshan

  2. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    S. Mohan Jain

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Sathik, M.B.M., Gireesh, T. (2022). Genic Conservation and Genetic Improvement of Hevea brasiliensis. In: Priyadarshan, P., Jain, S.M. (eds) Cash Crops. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74926-2_5

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