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Progress on the Bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis and Its Application Within the Biological Control Program in Iran

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Biological Control of Insect and Mite Pests in Iran

Part of the book series: Progress in Biological Control ((PIBC,volume 18))

Abstract

The efficient, environmentally safe and economic control of insect pests has always been of concern to scientists. Amongst the different insect management practices, microbial control, particularly bacteria, has gained more academic and commercial attention. Considerable interest has been directed toward Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), as a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium, producing crystal proteins toxic to different insect orders. B. thuringiensis is the most widely used and well-studied entomopathogenic bacterium worldwide, as well as in Iran. A long history of studies has been performed in Iran to isolate, characterize, mass-produce local Iranian Bt strains and evaluate their field application. The findings of these studies show that Bt is predominantly isolated from diverse ecological habitats in different geographical regions of Iran. In addition, several studies have focused on fermentation, formulation optimization and field trials to develop Bt products for application in the biological control programs. Moreover, some studies have been dedicated to transfer Bt cry genes into different crops to enhance pest resistance in such plants. The purpose of the present chapter is to review recent advances in the development of biocontrol agents based on the entomopathogenic bacterium in Iran. Therefore, effort has been made to discuss the most significant Iranian researches based on the utilization of Bt in biological control, mass production of Bt-based bio-insecticides, and development of Bt crops.

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Acknowledgement

We are deeply grateful to Dr. Mark Goettel for his valuable comments and improvement of the text. Ayda Khorramnejad acknowledges Dr. Yolanda Bel, Dr. Baltasar Escriche and Dr. Patricia Hernández-Martínez for their supports and thoughtful comments on the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

    Ayda Khorramnejad

  2. Instituto BioTecMed, Departamento de Genética, Universitat de València, València, Spain

    Ayda Khorramnejad

  3. Department of Plant Protection, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    Javad Karimi

  4. Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

    Gholamreza Salehi Jouzani

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  1. Ayda Khorramnejad
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  2. Javad Karimi
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  3. Gholamreza Salehi Jouzani
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Correspondence to Ayda Khorramnejad .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    Javad Karimi

  2. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

    Hossein Madadi

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Khorramnejad, A., Karimi, J., Jouzani, G.S. (2021). Progress on the Bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis and Its Application Within the Biological Control Program in Iran. In: Karimi, J., Madadi, H. (eds) Biological Control of Insect and Mite Pests in Iran. Progress in Biological Control, vol 18. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63990-7_10

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