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Fundamentals of Epithelial Na+ Absorption

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Basic Epithelial Ion Transport Principles and Function

Part of the book series: Physiology in Health and Disease ((PIHD))

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Abstract

The maintenance of electrolyte balance is essential for the control of many functions in the human body. Na+, K+, and Cl− are key electrolytes that contribute to a variety of processes ranging from the maintenance of cellular membrane potential to the regulation of cell volume and extracellular fluid. Fundamentals of epithelial Cl− and K+ transport are discussed in the preceding and following chapters and will be only briefly touched upon here. Na+ absorption occurs across the epithelial barriers of many organs, including the lung, gastrointestinal tract, exocrine glands, and the kidney. Total body Na+ content is the primary determinant of blood volume, and a number of physiological mechanisms that control blood pressure mediate their effects by adjusting Na+ balance in the kidney. This chapter describes the classical understanding of epithelial Na+ absorption and highlights some recently described mechanisms involved in the physiological regulation of Na+ transport in specific epithelia with a particular emphasis on the kidney.

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Acknowledgments

Research from the authors’ laboratories is supported by NIH grants R35 HL135749, P01 HL116264 (to A.S.), and R00 DK105160, PKD Foundation Research grant 221G18a (to D.V.I.), and U.S. Dept. of Defense grants W81XWH-15-1-0420 and W81XWH-15-1-0663 (to K.R.H.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Alexander Staruschenko

  2. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA

    Daria V. Ilatovskaya

  3. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Kenneth R. Hallows

Authors
  1. Alexander Staruschenko
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  2. Daria V. Ilatovskaya
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  3. Kenneth R. Hallows
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Alexander Staruschenko or Kenneth R. Hallows .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand

    Kirk L. Hamilton

  2. Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Daniel C. Devor

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Staruschenko, A., Ilatovskaya, D.V., Hallows, K.R. (2020). Fundamentals of Epithelial Na+ Absorption. In: Hamilton, K.L., Devor, D.C. (eds) Basic Epithelial Ion Transport Principles and Function. Physiology in Health and Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52780-8_9

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