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Relationship of Emotional Intelligence, Intelligence Quotient, and Autonomic Reactivity Tests in Undergraduate Medical Students

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Abstract

Background

Emotional intelligence is emerging as a determinant of success of an individual in their professions. Therefore, this study was designed to decipher the association of emotional intelligence, intelligence quotient, and autonomic stress reactivity tests in undergraduate medical students.

Method

Fifty-two undergraduate medical students were recruited in this study. Validated questionnaires for EI—self report and performance based—and IQ were filled by all the participants. Autonomic reactivity tests—lying to standing, deep breathing (DBT), Valsalva maneuver, cold pressor (CPT), and handgrip tests—were also performed. Correlational analysis was done using GraphPad Prism version 5.00.

Results

Performance-based EI had a positive correlation with DBT responses and an inverse relation with CPT response. Additionally, sub-grouping on the basis of emotional quotient (EQ) and IQ and comparing their autonomic profile revealed an important pattern of parasympathetic reactivity—wherein it was higher in both high > EQ high IQ low > EQ low IQ high > both low.

Conclusions

Emotional intelligence is associated with autonomic reactivity responses. EQ has a positive relation to parasympathetic system while a negative relation to sympathetic system emphasizing the association of sympatho-vagal balance with the emotional intelligence of an individual. Also, parasympathetic responses in an individual differed significantly in groups based on EQ and IQ which again focuses on the strong relation between higher parasympathetic reactivity and emotional intelligence. This study highlights the probable role of emotional intelligence in medical students in deciphering not only their empathy towards patients, but also their physiological responses and cognitive capacity.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to thank the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India, for granting a short-term studentship research project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India

    Vagisha Sharma

  2. Department of Physiology, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110024, India

    Manpreet Kaur, Supriya Gupta & Raj Kapoor

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  1. Vagisha Sharma
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Correspondence to Manpreet Kaur.

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Sharma, V., Kaur, M., Gupta, S. et al. Relationship of Emotional Intelligence, Intelligence Quotient, and Autonomic Reactivity Tests in Undergraduate Medical Students. Med.Sci.Educ. 29, 673–681 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-019-00763-9

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