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microRNAs in Cartilage Development, Homeostasis, and Disease

  • Skeletal Development (E Schipani and E Zelzer, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Osteoporosis Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression mainly at the posttranscriptional level. Many different miRNAs are expressed in chondrocytes, and each individual miRNA can regulate hundreds of target genes, creating a complex gene regulatory network. Experimental evidence suggests that miRNAs play significant roles in various aspects of cartilage development, homeostasis, and pathology. The possibility that miRNAs can be novel therapeutic targets for cartilage diseases led to vigorous investigations to understand the role of individual miRNAs in skeletal tissues. Here, we summarize our current understanding of miRNAs in chondrocytes and cartilage. In the first part, we discuss roles of miRNAs in growth plate development and chondrocyte differentiation. In the second part, we put a particular focus on articular cartilage and discuss the significance of variety of findings in the context of osteoarthritis, the most common degenerative joint disease.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Marc Wein for helpful discussion. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [AR054500 and AR056645 to T.K.]

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Conflict of Interest

F. Mirzamohammadi, G. Papaioannou, and T. Kobayashi all declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

All studies by the authors involving animal and/or human subjects were performed after approval by the appropriate institutional review boards. When required, written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 50 Blossom Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Fatemeh Mirzamohammadi, Garyfallia Papaioannou & Tatsuya Kobayashi

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  1. Fatemeh Mirzamohammadi
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  2. Garyfallia Papaioannou
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  3. Tatsuya Kobayashi
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Correspondence to Tatsuya Kobayashi.

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Mirzamohammadi, F., Papaioannou, G. & Kobayashi, T. microRNAs in Cartilage Development, Homeostasis, and Disease. Curr Osteoporos Rep 12, 410–419 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-014-0229-9

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