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Using SSR markers for hybrid identification and resource management in Vietnamese Acacia breeding programs

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Abstract

We used a set of 16 SSR markers to check the identity of pure-species and hybrid clones in Vietnam’s Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia mangium, and acacia hybrid (A. mangium × A. auriculiformis) breeding programs. The statistics package HIest, applied to a large synthesized population, enabled accurate allocation of genotypes to the two pure species, F1 and F2 inter-specific hybrids and backcrosses, based on estimates of hybridity and heterozygosity. The hybridity status of putatively pure A. mangium and A. auriculiformis clones in adjacent clonal seed orchards was checked. Four out of 100 clones selected as A. mangium were found to be backcrosses (A. mangium × F1 inter-specific hybrid) while out of 96 clones selected as A. auriculiformis, two were F1 hybrids and two were backcrosses (A. auriculiformis × F1 hybrid). The markers were then applied to check the hybridity status of 160 putative acacia F1 hybrid genotypes that had been selected on morphological criteria from open-pollinated progenies collected from A. auriculiformis and A. mangium parents. Many selections based on morphology were found to be mistaken. Only thirteen of 63 clones originating from A. auriculiformis mothers were F1 hybrids, four were backcrosses, and the remaining 46 were pure A. auriculiformis. Fewer mistakes were evident for clones selected from A. mangium mothers, with 82 out of 89 clones confirmed as F1 hybrids, three as backcrosses, and four as pure A. mangium. The occurrence of F1 hybrids and backcrosses in pure-species seed orchards and their progeny shows that inter-species contamination is an issue requiring management in both pure-species and in hybrid breeding of these species in Vietnam. Examination of genetic distances among verified clones showed patterns of relatedness that were consistent with pedigree records. Implications for resource management as well as for breeding and clonal selection strategies are considered.

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Vietnam) and the Australian Centre for International Agriculture Research (ACIAR). We would like to thank Dr. Siju Senan (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia) for helping with experimental design, Mr. Phan Quyen (VAFS) who helped in sample collection, and Dr. Matthew J. Larcombe (UTAS) for suggesting using the HIest package.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia

    Son Le, Christopher E. Harwood, A. Rod Griffin & René E. Vaillancourt

  2. Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences (VAFS), Chinhthang, Bactuliem, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Son Le, Son H. Do & Thinh H. Ha

  3. CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 12, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia

    Christopher E. Harwood

  4. Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

    Wickneswari Ratnam

  5. ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia

    René E. Vaillancourt

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  1. Son Le
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  3. A. Rod Griffin
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Correspondence to Son Le.

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Data Archiving Statement

All individual genotype data relating to this study are available at http://eprints.utas.edu.au/23589.

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Communicated by Y. Tsumura

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Le, S., Harwood, C.E., Rod Griffin, A. et al. Using SSR markers for hybrid identification and resource management in Vietnamese Acacia breeding programs. Tree Genetics & Genomes 13, 102 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-017-1184-2

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