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Thermalkalibacillus uzonensis gen. nov. sp. nov, a novel aerobic alkali-tolerant thermophilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring in Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka

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Abstract

A novel thermophilic, alkali-tolerant, and CO-tolerant strain JW/WZ-YB58T was isolated from green mat samples obtained from the Zarvarzin II hot spring in the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka (Far East Russia). Cells were Gram-type and Gram stain-positive, strictly aerobic, 0.7–0.8 μm in width and 5.5–12 μm in length and produced terminal spherical spores of 1.2–1.6 μm in diameter with the mother cell swelling around 2 μm in diameter (drumstick-type morphology). Cells grew optimally at pH25°C 8.2–8.4 and temperature 50–52°C and tolerated maximally 6% (w/v) NaCl. They were strict heterotrophs and could not use either CO or CO2 (both with or without H2) as sole carbon source, but tolerated up to 90% (v/v) CO in the headspace. The isolate grew on various complex substrates such as yeast extract, on carbohydrates, and organic acids, which included starch, d-galactose, d-mannose, glutamate, fumarate and acetate. Catalase reaction was negative. The membrane polar lipids were dominated by branched saturated fatty acids, which included iso-15:0 (24.5%), anteiso-15:0 (18.3%), iso-16:0 (9.9%), iso-17:0 (17.5%) and anteiso-17:0 (9.7%) as major constituents. The DNA G+C content of the strain is 45 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain JW/WZ-YB58T is distantly (<93% similarity) related to members of Bacillaceae. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, physiological and phenotypic characteristics, the isolate JW/WZ-YB58T (ATCC BAA-1258; DSM 17740) is proposed to be the type strain for the type species of the new taxa within the family Bacillaceae, Thermalkalibacillus uzoniensis gen. nov. sp. nov. The Genbank accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence is DQ221694.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Rich Davis for performing the electron microscopy, Jean P. Euzeby for help with the correct naming of T. uzonensis. We are indebted to Elizaveta Bonch-Osmolovskaya (RAS-Moscow) and Gennadii Karpov (Petropavlovsk-kamchatkii) for logistic help for our field season and obtaining sampling permits. This research was supported by a grant through National Science Foundation Microbial Observatory Program NSF-MCB 0238407 (JW, CSR) and partially supported by the Environmental Remediation Sciences Division of the Office of Biologic and Environmental Research, US Department of Energy through the Financial Assistant Award to the University of Georgia Research Foundation (CLZ, CSR).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    Weidong Zhao & Chuanlun L. Zhang

  2. Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC, 29802, USA

    Weidong Zhao, Chuanlun L. Zhang, Christopher S. Romanek & Gary Mills

  3. Darling Marine Center, University of Maine, Walpole, ME, 04573, USA

    Carolyn Weber & Gary M. King

  4. Department of Geology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    Christopher S. Romanek

  5. Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, 117312, Moscow, Russian Federation

    Tatyana Sokolova

  6. Departments of Microbiology and of Biochemistry & Mol. Biology, University of Georgia, 211-212C Biological Sciences Bldg., 1000 Cedar Street, Athens, GA, 30602-2605, USA

    Juergen Wiegel

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  1. Weidong Zhao
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  3. Chuanlun L. Zhang
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Correspondence to Juergen Wiegel.

Additional information

Communicated by F. Robb

The Genbank accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain JW/WZ-YB58T is DQ221694.

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Zhao, W., Weber, C., Zhang, C.L. et al. Thermalkalibacillus uzonensis gen. nov. sp. nov, a novel aerobic alkali-tolerant thermophilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring in Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka. Extremophiles 10, 337–345 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-006-0511-6

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