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Special Aspects of Biomineralization of Dental Tissues

  • Chapter
Teeth

Part of the book series: Handbook of Microscopic Anatomy ((1668,volume 5 / 6))

Abstract

As seen in earlier contributions to this volume concerning enamel, dentine, and cementum formation (and also considering bone and cartilage mineralization in the epiphyseal growth plate), it is clear that distinct differences exist in hard tissue formation in these various systems. These arise, e.g., from changes in the expression of the enamel cells (the ameloblasts) and the dentine cells (the odontoblasts) – though both are prismatically shaped, and densely arranged in parallel. Morphology at the electron-microscopical level shows important variations in crystal nucleation, growth, and arrangement of the crystallites into larger groups. In enamel so-called prisms exist with a diameter in the range of 4–6 µm and long, prismatically shaped crystallites perfectly arranged in parallel. In dentine, however, there is not such a precise parallel arrangement of crystals over such large areas; the much smaller needle- and ribbonlike elongated crystallites are arranged in parallel only on and in the 50–100-nm-thick collagen fibers of type I. Over wide reaches, while the collagen fibers in dentine form an irregular network, the collagen fibers in cementum are partly arranged in parallel to form bundles, thus leading to a parallel arrangement of the crystallites. (Since it is more important to clarify the relationship and correspondences between enamel and dentine, the collagen mineralization of cementum will not be discussed here, although it shows great similarities to that of dentine.)

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Höhling, H.J. (1989). Special Aspects of Biomineralization of Dental Tissues. In: Teeth. Handbook of Microscopic Anatomy, vol 5 / 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83496-7_7

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