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A Current Overview of Regulatory RNAs in Staphylococcus Aureus

  • Chapter
Regulatory RNAs in Prokaryotes

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a common commensal bacterial species that is usually found in the nose and on the skin of 30 % of healthy adults. However, the bacterium is a remarkably versatile pathogen that is one of the main causes of community as well as hospital-acquired infections (Cheung et al., 2004; Novick, 2003). S. aureus is responsible for systemic infections such as sepsis and endocarditis, which can be difficult to treat due to the acquisition of resistance towards numerous antibiotics in clinical use. S. aureus causes a wide spectrum of human diseases in part due to its ability to produce an array of virulence factors, which are mostly encoded by laterally acquired genomic regions, the so-called pathogenicity islands. These factors include surface proteins responsible for the adhesion and invasion of the host, exoproteins required for host immune evasion, and toxins involved in dissemination in host tissues and acquisition of nutrients (Novick, 2003). Redundancies exist to ensure that a productive infection still occurs even though one factor may be lost. In recent decades, many studies have been carried out to understand how S. aureus is able to coordinate the expression of a large panel of virulence factors at the appropriate time in order to facilitate successful infections (Novick and Geisinger, 2008). These works offer the possibility for developing anti-virulence therapies as alternative strategies for affecting the bacteria viability, i. e. by inhibiting the expression of the virulence factors that cause host damage or the interaction between the pathogen and the host (Clatworthy et al., 2007). Inhibiting virulence instead of viability may have little impact on human flora and result in weaker selective pressure for the development of antibiotic resistance. Hence, determining the regulatory networks and the dynamics involved in virulence and in fast adaptive responses are of prime importance to combating S. aureus infections.

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  1. Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, 15 rue René Descartes, F-67084, Strasbourg, France

    Isabelle Caldelari, Pierre Fechter, Efthimia Lioliou, Cédric Romilly, Clément Chevalier & Pascale Romby

  2. INRA, UR 875, F-31320, Castanet-Tolosan, France

    Christine Gaspin

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Caldelari, I. et al. (2012). A Current Overview of Regulatory RNAs in Staphylococcus Aureus. In: Regulatory RNAs in Prokaryotes. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0218-3_3

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