This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adams CE, Cepeda C, Boylan MK, Fisher RS, Hull CD, Buchwald NA, Wainer BH, Levine MS (1986) Basal forebrain neurons have axon collaterals that project to widely divergent cortical areas in the cat. Brain Res 397:365–371
Adams PR, Brown DA, Constanti A (1982) Pharmacological inhibition of the M-current. J Physiol (Lond) 332:223–262
Adams RW, Lambert G A, Lance JW (1988) Brain-stem facilitation of electrically evoked visual response in the cat. Source, pathway and role of nicotinic receptors. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 69:45–54.
Aden A, Synnergren B, Botros M, Ohman B, Winblad B, Nordberg A (1987) (3H) acetylcholine nicotinic recognition sites in human brain; characterization of agonist binding. Neurosci Lett 83:298–302.
Adrien J, Buisseret P, Fregnac Y, Gray-Bobo E, Imbert M, Tassin JP, Trotter Y (1982) Noradrenaline et plasticité du cortex visuel du chaton: un réexamen. C R Acad Sci [III] 295:745-750
Ahlsén G (1984) Brain stem neurones with differential projection to functional subregions of the dorsal lateral geniculate complex in the cat. Neuroscience 12:817–838.
Ahlsén G, Lindstrôm S, Lo FS (1982) Functional distinction of perigeniculate and reticular neurons in the cat. Exp Brain Res 46:118–126.
Ahlsén G, Lindstrôm S, Lo FS (1984) Inhibition from the brain stem of inhibitory interneurones in the cat’s dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. J Physiol (Lond) 347:593–609.
Ahlsén G, Lindstrôm S, Lo FS (1985) Interaction between inhibitory pathways to principal cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus in the cat. Exp Brain Res 58:134–143.
Akasu T, Koketsu K (1986) 5-Hydroxytryptamine decreases the sensitivity of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in bull-frog sympathetic ganglion cells. J Physiol (Lond) 380:93–109.
Albus K (1981) Hypothalamic and basal forebrain afferents to the cat’s visual cortex: a study with horseradish peroxidase. Neurosci Lett 24:117–121.
Andén NE, Fuxe K, Hamberger B, Hôkfelt T (1966) A quantitative study on the nigrostriatal dopamine neuron system in the rat. Acta Physiol Scand 67:306–312.
Armstrong DM, Saper CB, Levey AI, Wainer BH, Terry RD (1983) Distribution of cholinergic neurons in rat brain demonstrated by the immunocytochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase. J Comp Neurol 216:53–68.
Armstrong-James M, Fox M (1983) Effects of iontophoresed noradrenaline on the spontaneous activity of neurones in rat primary somatosensory cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 335:427–447
Artola A, Singer W (1987) Long-term potentiation and NMD A receptors in rat visual cortex. Science 330:649–652
Ascher P, Nowak L (1987) Electrophysiological studies of NMD A receptors. Trends Neurosci 10:284–287
Aston-Jones G, Bloom FE (1981) Activity of norepinephrine-containing locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats anticipates fluctuations in sleep-waking cycle. J Neurosci 1:876–886
Aston-Jones G, Shaver R, Dinan TG (1985) Nucleus basalis neurons exhibit axonal branching with decreased impulse conduction velocity in rat cerebrocortex. Brain Res 325:271–285
Bartlett JR, Doty RW (1974) Influence of mesencephalic stimulation on unit activity in striate cortex of squirrel monkey. J Neurophysiol 37:642–652.
Bartlett JR, Doty RW, Pecci-Saavedra J, Wilson PD (1973) Mesencephalic control of lateral geniculate nucleus. III. Modifications with state of alertness. Exp Brain Res 18:214–224.
Baughman RW, Gilbert CD (1980) Aspartate and glutamate as possible neurotransmitters of cells in layer 6 of the visual cortex. Nature 287:848–850.
Baughman RW, Gilbert CD (1981) Aspartate and glutamate as possible neurotransmitters in the visual cortex. J Neurosci 4:427–439.
Bear MF, Carnes KM, Ebner FF (1985) An investigation of cholinergic circuitry in cat striate cortex using acetylcholinesterase histochemistry. J Comp Neurol 234:411–430.
Bear MF, Singer W (1986) Modulation of visual cortical plasticity by acetylcholine and noradrenaline. Nature 320:172–176.
Beaudet A, Descarries L (1976) Quantitative data on serotonin nerve terminals in adult rat neocortex. Brain Res 111:301–309.
Beaudet A, Descarries L (1978) The monoamine innervation of rat cerebral cortex: synaptic and non-synaptic axon terminals. Neuroscience 3:851–860.
Beaudet A, Descarries L (1981) The fine structure of central serotonin neurons. J Physiol (Paris) 77:193–203
Benardo LS, Prince DA (1982) Cholinergic excitation of mammalian hippocampal pyramidal cells. Brain Res 249:315–331.
Ben-Ari Y, Dingledine R, Kanazawa I, Kelly JS (1976) Inhibitory effects of acetylcholine on neurons in the feline nucleus reticularis thalami. J Physiol (Lond) 261:647–671.
Berardi N, Morrone MC (1983) The role of gamma-aminobutyric acid mediated inhibition in the response properties of cat lateral geniculate nucleus neurones. J Physiol (Lond) 357:505–523
Berger B, Tassin JP, Blanc G, Moyne MA, Thierry AM (1974) Histochemical confirmation for dopaminergic innervation of the rat cerebral cortex after destruction of the noradrenergic ascending pathways. Brain Res 81:332–337.
Berger B, Verney C, Alvarez C, Vigny A, Helle KB (1985) New dopaminergic terminal fields in the motor, visual (area 18b) and retrosplenial cortex in the young and adult rat. Immunocytochemical and catecholamine analyses. Neuroscience 15:983–998.
Bernardi G, Cherubini E, Marciani MG, Mercuri N, Stranzione P (1982) Responses of intracellular recorded cortical neurons to the iontophoretic application of dopamine. Brain Res 245:267–274.
Bevan P, Bradshaw CM, Szabadi E (1977) The pharmacology of adrenergic neuronal responses in the cerebral cortex: evidence for excitatory a- and inhibitory-receptors. Br J Pharmacol 59:635–641.
Biegon A, Rainbow TC, McEwen BS (1982) Quantitative autoradiography of serotonin receptors in the rat brain. Brain Res 242:197–204.
Bigl B, Woolf NJ, Butcher LL (1982) Cholinergic projections from the basal forebrain to frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and cingulate cortices: a combined fluorescent tracer and acetylcholinesterase analysis. Brain Res Bull 8:727–749.
Bishop PO (1964) Properties of afferent synapses and sensory neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus. Int Rev Neurobiol 6:191–255.
Bizzi E (1966) Discharge patterns of single geniculate neurons during the rapid eye movements of sleep. J Neurophysiol 29:1087–1095.
Bjorklund A, Lindvall O (1984) Dopamine-containing systems in the CNS. In: Bjorklund A, Hokfelt T (eds) Handbook of chemical neuroanatomy. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 55–132.
Bjorklund A, Lindvall O (1986) Catecholaminergic brain stem regulatory systems. In: Mountcastle VB, Bloom FE (eds) Handbook of physiology, sect. 1, vol 4. American Physiological Society, Bethesda MD, pp 155–235
Bjórklund A, Nobin A (1973) Fluorescence histochemical and microspectrofluorometric mapping of dopamine and noradrenaline cell groups in the rat diencephalon. Brain Res 51:193–205
Bjórklund A, Divac I, Lindvall O (1978) Regional distribution of catecholamines in monkey cerebral cortex, evidence for a dopaminergic innervation of the primate prefrontal cortex. Neurosci Lett 7:115–119.
Blakemore C, Tobin E (1972) Lateral inhibition between orientation detectors in the cat’s visual cortex. Exp Brain Res 15:439–440.
Bloch V, Fischbein W (1975) Sleep and psychological functions: memory. In: Lairy GC, Salzarulo P (eds) Experimental study of human sleep: methodological problems. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 157–173.
Bloom FE (1983) The endorphins: a growing family of pharmacologically pertinent peptides. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 231:151–170.
Bloom FE, Battenberg E, Ferron A, Mancillas J, Milner RJ, Siggins GR, Sutcliffe JG (1987) Transmitter synergism and diversity. In: Edelman GM, Gall WE, Cowan WM (eds) Synaptic function. Wiley, New York, pp 289–301.
Bobillier P, Séguin S, Degueurce A, Lewis BD, Pujol JF (1979) The efferent connections of the nucleus raphe centralis superior in the rat as revealed by radioautography. Brain Res 166:1–8
Bode-Greuel KM, Singer W, Aldenhoff JB (1987) A current source density analysis of field potentials evoked in slices of visual cortex. Exp Brain Res 69:213–219.
Bowery NG, Hudson AL, Price GW (1987) GABAa and GABAb receptor site distribution in the rat central nervous system. Neuroscience 20:365–383.
Bowker RM, Morrison AR (1976) The startle reflex and PGO spikes. Brain Res 102:185–190.
Bowling DB, Michael CR (1984) Terminal patterns of single, physiologically characterized optic tract fibers in the cat’s lateral geniculate nucleus. J Neurosci 4:198–216.
Boyson SJ, McGonigle P, Molinoff PB (1986) Quantitative autoradiographic localization of the D1 and D2 subtypes of dopamine receptors in rat brain. J Neurosci 6:3177–3188.
Bremer F, Bonnet V (1950) Interpretation des reactions rhythmiques prolongées des aires sensorielles de l’écorce cérébrale. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 2:389–400.
Bremer F, Stoupel N (1959) Facilitation et inhibition des potentiels oqués corticaux dans l’éveil cerebral. Arch Int Physiol Biochim 67:240–275.
Brooks DC, Bizzi E (1963) Functional connections between pontine reticular formation and lateral geniculate nucleus during deep sleep. Arch Ital Biol 101:648–666.
Bullier J, Henry GH (1979) Laminar distribution of first order neurons and afferent terminals in cat striate cortex. J Neurophysiol 42:1271–1281.
Burges JC, Grieve KL, Murphy PC, Sillito AM (1985) Iontophoretically applied bicuculline reveals excitatory responses from the non-dominant eye receptive fields of cells in the A laminae of the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN). J Physiol (Lond) 369:36P
Büttner U, Fuchs AF (1973) Influence of saccadic eye movements on unit activity in simian lateral geniculate and pregeniculate nuclei. J Neurophysiol 36:127–141
Carey RG, Rieck RW (1987) Topographic projections to the visual cortex from the basal forebrain in the rat. Brain Res 424:205–215.
Chang HT (1952) Cortical response to stimulation of lateral geniculate body and the potentiation thereof by continuous illumination of retina. J Neurophysiol 15:5–26.
Chesselet MF (1984) Presynaptic regulation of neurotransmitter. Neuroscience 12:347–375.
Clark PBS, Pert CB, Pert A (1984) Autoradiographic distribution of nicotine receptors in rat brain. Brain Res 323:390–395.
Clark PBS, Schwartz RD, Paul SM, Pert CB, Pert A (1985) Nicotinic binding in rat brain: autoradiographic comparison of (3H)acetylcholine, (3H)nicotine, and (125I)-a-bungarotoxin. J Neurosci 5:1307–1315
Coenen AM, Vendrik AJH (1972) Determination of the transfer ratio of cat’s geniculate neurons through quasi-intracellular recordings and the relation with the level of alertness. Exp Brain Res 14:227–242.
Collingridge GL, Bliss TVP (1987) NMDA receptors—their role in long-term potentiation. Trends Neurosci 10:288–298.
Collingridge GL, Kehl SI, McLennan H (1983) Excitatory amino acid in synaptic transmission in the Schaffer collateral-commissural pathway of the rat hippocampus. J Physiol (Lond) 334:33–46.
Colonnier M (1966) The structural design of the neocortex. In: Eccles JC (ed) Brain and conscious experience. Springer, New York pp 1–23.
Commissiong JW (1981) Spinal monoaminergic systems: an aspect of somatic motor function. Fed Proc 40:2771–2777.
Conrad LCA, Leonard CM, Pfaff DW (1974) Connections of the median and dorsal raphe nuclei in the rat: an autoradiographic and degeneration study. J Comp Neurol 156:179–206
Consolazione A, Priestley JV, Cuello AC (1984) Serotonin-containing projections to the thalamus in the rat revealed by a horseradish peroxidase and peroxidase antiperoxidase double-staining technique. Brain Res 322:233–243.
Corrazza R, Lombroso CT (1970) The neuronal dark discharges during eye movements in awake “encéphale isolé” cats. Brain Res 34:345–359.
Cotman CW, Monaghan DT, Ottersen OP, Storm-Mathisen J (1987) Anatomical organization of excitatory amino acid receptors and their pathways. Trends Neurosci 10:273–279.
Creutzfeldt OD, Kuhnt U (1973) Electrophysiology and topographical distribution of visual evoked potentials in animals. In: Jung R (ed) Visual centers in the brain. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 595–646. (Handbook of sensory physiology, vol VII 3/B)
Creutzfeldt OD, Garey LJ, Kuroda R, Wolff JR (1977) The distribution of degenerating axons after small lesions in the intact and isolated visual cortex of the cat. Exp Brain Res 27:419–440
Cropper EC, Eisenman JS, Azmitia EC (1984) An immunocytochemical study of the serotonergic innervation of the thalamus of the rat. J Comp Neurol 2245:38–50.
Cross AJ, Deakin JFW (1985) Cortical serotonin receptor subtypes after lesion of ascending cholinergic neurones in rat. Neurosci Lett 60:261–265.
Crunelli V, Leresche N, Pirchio M (1985) Non-NMDA receptors mediate the optic nerve input to the rat LGN in vitro. J Physiol (Lond) 365:40P
Crunelli V, Haby M, Jassik-Gerschenfeld D, Leresche N, Pirchio M (1988) CL− and K + dependent inhibitory postsynaptic potentials evoked by interneurons of the rat lateral geniculate nucleus. J Physiol (Lond) 399:153–176.
Cucchiaro JB, Uhlrich DJ, Sherman SM (1986) Parabrachial innervation of the cat’s dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus: an electron microscopic study using the tracer Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L). J Neurosci 8:4576–4588.
Cunningham ET, LeVay S (1986) Laminar and synaptic organization of the projection from the thalamic nucleus centralis to primary visual cortex in the cat. J Comp Neurol 254:65–77
Curtis DR, Davis R (1962) Pharmacological studies upon neurones of the lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat. Br J Pharmacol 18:217–246.
Curtis DR, Johnston GAR (1974) Amino acid transmitters in the mammalian central nervous system. Ergeb Physiol 69:94–188.
Curtis DR, Watkins JC (1963) Acidic amino acids with strong excitatory actions on mammalian neurones. J Physiol (Lond) 166:1–14.
Cymerman U, Palacios JM, Cortes R, Skangiel-Krasma J (1987) Autoradiographic localization of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in visual areas of cat brain: variations insensitivity of N-(3H)methylscopolamine binding sites to carbachol and pirenzepine. Neurosci Lett 81:13–18.
Dagnino N, Favale E, Manfredi M, Seitun A, Tartaglione A (1971) Tonic changes in excitability of thalamocortical neurons during the sleep-waking cycle. Brain Res 29:354–357
Dahlström A, Fuxe K (1964) Evidence for the existence of monoamine-containing neurons in the central nervous system. I. Demonstration of monoamines in the cell bodies of brainstem neurons. Acta Physiol Scand [Suppl] 232:1–55.
Davies JD, Watkins JC (1982a) Actions of D and L forms of 2-aminophosphono valerate and 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate in the cat spinal cord. Brain Res 235:378–386.
Davies JD, Watkins JC (1982b) Selective excitatory amino acid antagonist action of Y-D- glutamylaminometyl-sulphonate (GAMS) on cat spinal neurones. J Physiol (Lond) 332:108–109P
Daw NW, Rader RK, Robertson TW, Ariel M (1983) Effects of 6-hydroxydopamine on visual deprivation in the kitten striate cortex. J Neurosci 3:904–914.
DeFelipe D, Fairen A (1982) A type of basket cell in superficial layers of the cat visual cortex. A Golgi-electron microscope study. Brain Res 244:9–16.
DeFelipe D, Hendry SHC, Jones EG (1986) A correlative electron microscopic study of basket cells and large GABAergic neurons in the monkey sensory-motor cortex. Neuroscience 17:991–1009.
DeLima AD, Singer W (1986) Cholinergic innervation of the cat striate cortex: a choline acetyltransferase immunocytochemical analysis. J Comp Neurol 250:324–338.
DeLima AD, Singer W (1987) The brainstem projection to the lateral geniculate nucleus in the cat: identification of cholinergic and monoaminergic elements. J Comp Neurol 259:92–121.
DeLima AD, Montero YM, Singer W (1985) The cholinergic innervation of the visual thalamus: an EM immunocytochemical study. Exp Brain Res 59:206–212.
Dement W, Kleitman N (1957) The relation of eye movements during sleep to dream activity: an objective method for the study of dreaming. J Exp Psychol 53:339–346.
Dement W, Ferguson J, Cohen H, Barchas J (1969) Nonchemical methods and data using a biochemical model: the REM quanta. In: Mendell A, Mendall MP (eds) Psychochemical research in man—methods, strategy and theory. Academic, New York, pp 275–325.
DeOlmos J, Heimer L (1980) Double and triple labeling of neurons with fluorescent substances; the study of collateral pathways in the ascending raphe system. Neurosci Lett 19:7–12
Descarries L, Lapierre Y (1975) Noradrenergic axon terminals in the cerebral cortex of rat. I. Radioautographic visualization after topical application of DL-( 3 H) norepinephrine. Brain Res 51:141–160
Descarries L, Beaudet A, Watkins KC (1975) Serotonin nerve terminals in adult rat neocortex. Brain Res 100:563–588.
Descarries L, Lemay G, Doucet G, Berger B (1987) Regional and laminar density of the dopamine innervation in adult rat cerebral cortex. Neuroscience 21:807–824.
Deschénes M, Paradis M, Roy JP, Steriade M (1984) Electrophysiology of neurons of lateral thalamic nuclei in cat: resting properties and burst discharges. J Neurophysiol 51:1196–1219
Deschénes M, Madariaga-Domich A, Steriade M (1985) Dendrodendritic synapses in the cat reticularis thalamic nucleus: a structural basis for thalamic spindle synchronization. Brain Res 334:165–168
Dingledine R, Kelly JS (1977) Brain stem stimulation and the acetylcholine-evoked inhibition of neurones in the feline nucleus reticularis thalami. J Physiol (Lond) 271:135–154
Disturnal JZ, Reiner PB, Semba K, Atmadja S, McGeer EG, Fibiger HC (1985) Anatomical and physiological studies of brainstem afferents to the basal forebrain. Soc Neurosci Abstr 11:904
Domich L, Oakson G, Steriade M (1986) Thalamic burst patterns in the naturally sleeping cat: a comparison between cortically-projecting and reticularis neurones. J Physiol (Lond) 379:429–449
Donoghue JP, Carroll KL (1987) Cholinergic modulation of sensory responses in rat primary somatic sensory cortex. Brain Res 408:367–371.
Doty RW (1983) Nongeniculate afferents to striate cortex in macaques. J Comp Neurol 218:159–173
Doty RW, Kimura DS, Mogenson G J (1964) Photically and electrically elicited responses in the central visual system of the squirrel monkey. Exp Neurol 10:19–51.
Dreifuss J J, Kelly JS, Krnjevic K (1969) Cortical inhibition and gamma-aminobutyric acid. Exp Brain Res 9:137–154.
Duffy FH, Burchfield JL (1975) Eye movement-evoked inhibition of primate visual neurons. Brain Res 89:121–132
Dumont S, Dell P (1960) Facilitation réticulaire des mécanismes visuels corticaux. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 12:769–796.
Dykes RW, Landry P, Metherate R, Hicks TP (1984) Functional role of G ABA in primary somatosensory cortex: shaping receptive fields of cortical neurons. J Neurophysiol 52:1066–1093
Eckenstein F, Baughman RW (1984) Two types of cholinergic innervation in cortex, one co-localized with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Nature 309:153–155.
Eckenstein F, Thoenen H (1983) Cholinergic neurons in the rat cerebral cortex demonstrated by immunohistochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase. Neurosci Lett 36:211–215
Emson PC (1979) Peptides as neurotransmitter candidates in the mammalian CNS. Prog Neurobiol 13:61–116
Emson PC, Koob GF (1978) The origin and distribution of dopamine-containing afferents to the rat frontal cortex. Brain Res 142:249–267.
Emson PC, Lindvall O (1979) Distribution of putative neurotransmitters in the neocortex. Neuroscience 4:1–30
Engberg I, Flatman J A, Lambert JDC (1979) The actions of excitatory amino acids on motoneurones in the feline spinal cord. Brain Res 288:227–261.
Enna SJ, Gallagher JP (1983) Biochemical and electrophysiological characteristics of mammalian GABA receptors. Int Rev. Neurobiol 24:181–212.
Evarts EV (1960) Effects of sleep and waking on spontaneous and evoked discharges of single units in visual cortex. Fed Proc (Suppl 4): 828–83.
Eysel UT (1976) Quantitative studies of intracellular postsynaptic potentials in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat with respect to optic tract stimulation. Exp Brain Res 25:469–486
Eysel UT, Pape HC, Van Schayck R (1986) Excitatory and differential disinhibitory actions of acetylcholine in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat. J Physiol (Lond) 370:233–254.
Fagg GE, Foster AC (1983) Amino acid neurotransmitters and their pathways in the mammalian central nervous system. Neuroscience 9:701–719.
Fallon JH, Loughlin SE (1982) Monoamine innervation of the forebrain: collateralization. Brain Res Bull 9:295–307.
Ferster D (1987) Origin of orientation-selective EPSPs in simple cells of cat visual cortex. J Neurosci 7:1780–1791.
Ferster D, Koch C (1987) Neuronal connections underlying orientation selectivity in cat visual cortex. Trends Neurosci 10:487
Ferster D, LeVay S (1978) The axonal arborizations of lateral geniculate neurons in the striate cortex of the cat. J Comp Neurol 182:923–944.
Ferster D, Lindström S (1983) An intracellular analysis of geniculo-cortical connectivity in area 17 of the cat. J Physiol (Lond) 342:181–215.
Fisken RA, Garey LJ, Powell TPS (1975) The intrinsic association and commissural connections of area 17 of the visual cortex. Philos Trans R Soc Lond [Biol] 272:487–536.
Fitzpatick D, Raczkowski D (1990) The morphology of cholinergic projections from the reticular formation to the lateral geniculate nucleus and other thalamic nuclei in the cat. In: Steriade M, Biesold D (eds) Brain cholinergic systems. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York, in press
Fitzpatrick D, Penny GR, Schmechel DE (1984) Glutamic acid decarboxylase-immunoreactive neuronsand terminals in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat. J Neurosci 4:1809–1829.
Flatman JA, Schwindt PC, Crill WE, Stafstrom CE (1983) Multiple actions of iV-methyl-D- aspartate on cat neocortical neurons in vitro. Brain Res 266:169–173.
Florence SL, Casagrande VA (1987) Organization of individual afferent axons in layer IV of striate cortex in a primate. J Neurosci 7:3850–3868.
Fonnum F, Storm-Mathisen J, Divac I (1981) Biochemical evidence for glutamate as neurotransmitter in corticostriatal and corticothalamic fibres in rat brain. Neuroscience 6:863–873
Foote SL, Freedman R, Oliver AP (1975) Effects of putative neurotransmitters on neuronal activity in monkey auditory cortex. Brain Res 86:229–242.
Foote SL, Bloom GE, Aston-Jones G (1983) Nucleus locus ceruleus: new evidence of anatomical and physiological specificity. Physiol Rev 63:844–914.
Forsythe ID, Westbrook GL (1988) Slow excitatory postsynaptic currents mediated byN- methyl-D-aspartate receptors on cultured mouse central neurones. J Physiol (Lond) 396:515–533
Fourment A, Hirsch JC, Chastanet M, Guidet C (1983) The effect of midbrain reticular stimulation upon perigeniculate neurons activity during different states of the sleep-waking cycle in the cat. Brain Res 259:301–307.
Fourment A, Hirsch JC, Marc ME, Guidet C (1984) Modulation of postsynaptic activities of thalamic lateral geniculate neurons by spontaneous changes in number of retinal inputs in chronic cats I Input-output relations. Neuroscience 11:453–464
Fourment A, Hirsch JC, Marc ME (1988) Reticular control of thalamic transmission during behavioral states: a study in dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus relay neurons of the cat. Exp Neurol 100:305–321
Francesconi W, Müller CM, Singer W (1984) Acetylcholine mediates the effect of mesencephalic reticular formation stimulation in the lateral geniculate nuelcus of the cat. Neurosci Lett (Suppl) 18:s309
Francesconi W, Müller CM, Singer W (1988) Cholinergic mechanisms in the reticular control of transmission in the cat lateral geniculate nucleus. J Neurophysiol 59:1690–1718.
Frederickson RCA, Jordan LM, Phillis JW (1971) The action of noradrenaline on cortical neurons: effects of pH. Brain Res 5:556–560.
Freund TF, Powell JF, Smith AD (1984) Tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive boutons in synaptic contact with identified striatonigral neurons, with particular reference to dendritic spines. Neuroscience 13:1189–1215.
Friedländer MJ, Lin CS, Sherman SM (1979) Structure of physiologically identified X and Y cells in the cat’s lateral geniculate nucleus. Science 204:1114–1117.
Friedländer MJ, Lin CS, Stanford LR, Sherman SM (1981) Morphology of functionally identified neurons in lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat. J Neurophysiol 46:80–129.
Friedman DP, Clarke PBS, O’Neill JB, Pert A (1985) Distributions of nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in monkey thalamus. Soc Neurosci Abstr 11:307
Fuxe K (1965) Evidence for the existence of monoamine neurons in the central nervous system. IV. Distribution of monoamine nerve terminals in the central nervous system. Acta Physiol Scand 64:37–85.
Fuxe K, Hambuerger B, Hökfelt T (1968) Distribution of noradrenaline terminals in cortical areas of the rat. Brain Res 8:125–131.
Gabbott PL A, Somogyi J, Stewart MG, Hamori J (1986) GABA-immunoreactive neurons in the rat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the rat: characterization by combined Golgi-impregnation and immunocytochemistry. Exp Brain Res 61:311–322.
Gabbott PL A, Somogyi J, Stewart MG, Hamori J (1988) The orientation of interneurones in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the rat: a quantitative study. Brain Res 438:379–384.
Gallagher JP, Shinnick-Gallagher P (1983) Electrophysiological characteristics of GABA-receptor complexes. In: Enna SJ (ed) The G AB A receptors. Humana, Clifton, NJ, pp 25–61.
Gaudin-Chazal G, Daszuta A, Faudon M, Ternaux JP (1979) 5-HT concentration in cat’s brain. Brain Res 160:281–293.
Geisert EE (1980) Cortical projections of the lateral geniculate nucleus in the cat. J Comp Neurol 190:793–812
Giardina WJ, Pedemonte WA, Sabelli HC (1973) Iontophoretic study of the effects of norepinephrine and 2-phenylethylamine on single cortical neurons. Life Sci 12:153–161.
Gilbert CD, Kelly JP (1975) The projections of cells in different layers of the cat’s visual cortex. J Comp Neurol 163:81–106.
Gilbert CD, Wiesel TN (1979) Morphology and intracortical projections of functionally identified neurons in the cat visual cortex. Nature 280:120–125.
Gilbert CD, Wiesel TN (1981) Laminar specialization and intracortical connections in cat primary visual cortex. In: Schmitt FO, Worden FG, Adelman G, Dennis SG (eds) The organization of the cerebral cortex. MIT Press, Cambridge, pp 163–191.
Gilbert CD, Wiesel TN (1983) Clustered intrinsic connections in cat visual cortex. J Neueurosci 3:1116–1133.
Godfraind JM (1978a) Acetylcholine and somatically evoked inhibition on perigeniculate°neurons in the cat. Br J Pharmacol 63:295–302.
Godfraind JM (1978b) Acetylcholine effects in the lateral geniculate nucleus region. In: Ryall RW, Kelly JS (eds) Iontophoresis and transmitter mechanisms in the mammalian central nervous system. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 406–408.
Godfraind JM, Meulders M (1969) Effets de la stimulation sensorielle somatique sur les champs visuels des neurones de la région genouillée chez le chat anesthésié au chloralose. Exp Brain Res 9:183–200.
Graybiel AM (1978) A satellite system of the superior colliculus: the parabigeminal nucleus and its projections to the superficial collicular layers. Brain Res 145:365–4374.
Guillery RW (1966) A study of Golgi preparations from the lateral geniculate nucleus of the adult cat. J Comp Neurol 128:21–50.
Guillery RW (1969a) The organization of synaptic interconnections in the laminae of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 96:1–38.
Guillery RW (1969b) A quantitative study of synaptic interconnections in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucles of the cat. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 96:39–48.
Guy J, Vaudry H, Pelletier G (1981) Differential projections of two immunoreactive a-melanocyte stimulating hormone (a-MSH) neuronal systems in the rat brain. Brain Res 220:199–202
Guyenet PG (1980) The coeruleospinal noradrenergic neurons: anatomical and electrophysiological studies in the rat. Brain Res 189:121–133
Haenny PE, Schiller PH (1988) State dependent activity in monkey visual cortex. I. Single cell activity in VI and V4 on visual tasks. Exp Brain Res 6:225–244.
Hagihara K, Tsumoto T, Sato H, Hata Y (1988) Actions of excitatory amino acid antagonists on geniculo-cortical transmission in the cat’s visual cortex. Exp Brain Res 69:407–416.
Halaris AE, Jones BE, Moore RY (1976) Axonal transport in serotonin of the midbrain raphe. Brein Res 107:555–574.
Hallenger AE, Levey AI, Lee HJ, Rye DB, Wainer BH (1987) The origin of cholinergic and other subcortical afferents to the thalamus in the rat. J Comp Neurol 262:105–124.
Hamori J, Pasik P, Pasik T (1983) Differential frequency of P-cells and I-cells in magnocellular and parvocellular laminae of monkey lateral geniculate nucleus. An ultrastructural study. Exp Brain Res 52:57–66.
Hamos JE, Van Horn SC, Raczkowski D, Uhlrich DJ, Sherman SM (1985) Synaptic connectivity of a local circuit neuron in the cat’s lateral geniculate nucleus. Nature 317:618–621
Harvey AR (1980) The afferent connexions and laminar distribution of cells in area 18 of the cat. J. Physiol (Lond) 302:483–505.
Hashikawa T, Lieshout DV, Harting JK (1986) Projections from the parabigeminal nucleus to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the tree shrew Tupaia glis. J. Comp Neurol 246:382–394
Hebb CO, Krnjevic J, Silver A (1963) Effect of undercutting on the acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase activity in cat’s cerebral cortex. Nature 198:692
Henderson Z (1987a) Source of cholinergic input to ferret visual cortex. Brain Res 412:261–268
Henderson Z (1987b) Cholinergic innervation of ferret visual system. Neuroscience 20:503–518
Hendrickson AE, Orgren MP, Vaughn JE, Barber RP, Wu JY (1983) Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical localization of glutamic acid decarboxylase in monkey geniculate complex: evidence for GABAergic neurons and synapses. J Neurosci 3:1245–1262
Hendry SHC, Houser, CR, Jones EG, Vaughn JE (1983) Synaptic organization of immunocytochemically identified GABAergic neurons in monkey sensory-motor cortex. J Neurocytol 12:639–660.
Hendry SHC, Jones EG, DeFelipe J, Schmechel D, Brandon C, Emson PC (1984a) Neuropeptide containing neurons of the cerebral cortex are also GABAergic. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81:6526–6530.
Hendry SHC, Jones EG, Emson PC (1984b) Morphology, distribution, and synaptic relations of somatostatin and neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive neurons in rat and monkey cortex. J Neurosci 4:2497–2517
Herman JH, Erman M, Boys R, Peiser L, Taylor ME, Roffwarg HP (1984) Evidence for a directional correspondence between eye movements and dream imagery in REM sleep. Sleep 7:52–63
Hess R, Murata K (1974) Effects of glutamate and GAB A on specific response properties of neurones in the visual cortex. Exp Brain Res 21:285–297.
Hirsch JC, Burnod Y (1987) A synaptically evoked late hyperpolarization in the rat dorsolateral geniculate neurons in vitro. Neuroscience 23:457–468.
Hirsch JC, Fourment A, Marc ME (1982) Heterogeneity of the suprageniculate region: an electrophysiological study during sleep and wakefulness in the cat. Exp Neurol 77:436–454.
Hirsch JC, Fourment A, Marc ME (1983) Sleep-related variations of membrane potential in the lateral geniculate body relay neurons of the cat. Brain Res 259:308–312
Hobson J A, McCarley RW, Wyzinski PW (1975) Sleep cycle oscillation: reciprocal dischargesby two brainstem neuronal groups. Science 189:55–58
Hokfelt T (1987) Neuronal communications through multiple coexisting messengers. In: Edelman GM, Gall WE, Cowan WM (eds) Synaptic function. Wiley-Interscience, New York, pp 179–211
Hokfelt T, Fuxe K, Goldstein M, Johansson O (1974) Immunohistochemical evidence for theexistence of adrenaline neurons in the rat brain. Brain Res 66:235–251
Hokfelt T, Halasz N, Ljungdahl A, Johansson O, Goldstein M, Park D (1975) Histochemical support for a dopaminergic mechanism in the dendrites of certain periglomerular cells in the rat olfactory bulb. Neurosci Lett 1:85–90
Hokfelt T, Johansson O, Fuxe, K, Goldstein M, Park D (1976) Immunohistochemical studies on the localization and distribution of monoamine neuron systems in the rat brain. I. Tyrosine hydroxylase in the mes- and diencephalon. Med Biol 54:427–453
Hoover DB, Baisden RH (1980) Localization of putative cholinergic neurons innervating heanteroventral thalamus. Brain Res Bull 5:519–524
Hoover DB, Jacobowitz DM (1979) Neurochemical and histochemical studies of the effect of a lesion of the nucleus cuneiformis on the cholinergic innervation of discrete areas of the rat brain.
Houser CR, Vaughn JE, Barber RP, Roberts E (1980) GABA neurons are the major cell typeof the nucleus reticularis thalami. Brain Res 200:341–354
Houser CR, Crawford GD, Barber RP, Salvaterra PM, Vaughn JE (1983) Organization and morphological characteristics of cholinergic neurons: an immunocytochemical study with a monoclonal antibody to choline acetyltransferase. Brain Res 266:97–119
Houser CR, Crawford GD, Salvaterra PM, Vaughn JE (1985) Immunocytochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase in rat cerebral cortex: a study of cholinergic neurons and synapses. J Comp Neurol 234:17–34
Hu B, Bouhassira D, Steriade M, Deschenes M (1988) The blockage of ponto-geniculo-occipital waves in the cat lateral geniculate nucleus by nicotinic antagonists. Brain Res 473:394–397
Hu B, Steriade M, Deschenes M (1989a) The effects of brainstem peribrachial stimulation onreticular thalamic neurons: the blockage of spindle waves. Neuroscience 31:1–12
Hu B, Steriade M, Deschenes M (1989b) The effects of brainstem peribrachial stimulation onneurons of the lateral geniculate nucleus. Neuroscience 31:13–24
Hu B, Steriade M, Deschenes M (1989c) The cellular mechanisms of thalamic ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves. Neuroscience 31:25–35
Hubel DH (1959) Single unit activity in striate cortex of unrestrained cats. J Physiol (Lond) 147:226–238
Hubel DH (1960) Single unit activity in lateral geniculate body and optic tract of unrestrainedcats. J. Physiol (Lond) 150:91–104
Hubel DH, Wiesel TN (1972) Laminar and columnar distribution of geniculo-cortical fibersin the macaque monkey. J Comp Neurol 146:421–443
Hubel DH, Wiesel TN (1977) Functional architecture of macaque monkey visual cortex. Proc R Soc London [Biol] 198:1–59
Huerta MF, Harting JK (1984) Connectional organization of the superior colliculus. Trends Neurosci 7:286–289
Hughes JR (1964) Responses from the visual cortex of unanesthetized monkeys. Int Rev Neurobiol 7:99–152
Humphrey AL, Sur M, Uhlrich DJ, Sherman SM (1985a) Projection patterns of individual X- and Y-cell axons from the lateral geniculate nucleus to cortical area 17 in the cat. J Comp Neurol 233:159–189
Humphrey AL, Sur M, Uhlrich DJ, Sherman SM (1985b) Termination patterns of invidual X- and Y-cell axons in the visual cortex of the cat: projections to area 18, to the 17/18 border region, and to both areas 17 and 18. J Comp Neurol 233:190–212
Ichikawa T, Hirata Y (1986) Organization of choline acetyltransferase-containing structuresin the forebrain of the rat. J Neurosci 6:281–292
Ide LS (1982) The fine structure of the perigeniculate nucleus in the cat. J Comp Neurol 210:317–334
Isaacson LG, Tanaka D (1986) Cholinergic and non-cholinergic projections from the canine pontomesencephalic tegmentum Ch 5 area to the caudal intralaminar thalamic nuclei. Exp. Brain Res 62:179–188
Ishikawa M, Tanaka C (1977) Morphological organization of catecholamine terminals in thediencephalon of the rhesus monkey. Brain Res 119:43–55
Iversen LL, Mitchell JF, Srinivasan V (1971) The release of y-aminobutyric acid duringinhibition in the cat visual cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 212:519–534
Jahnsen H, Llinäs R (1984a) Electrophysiological properties of guinea-pig thalamic neurones:an in vitro study. J Physiol (Lond) 349:205–226
Jahnsen H, Llinäs R (1984b) Ionic basis for the electroresponsiveness and oscillatoryproperties of guinea-pig thalamic neurones in vitro. J Physiol (Lond) 349:227–247
Jeannerod M, Putkonen TPS (1971) Lateral geniculate unit activity and eye movementsaccades-locked changes in dark and in light. Exp Brain Res 24:125–129
Johnson ES, Roberts MHT, Straughan DW (1969) The responses of cortical neurones tomonoamines under differing anaesthetic conditions. J Physiol (Lond) 203:261–280
Johnson JL, Aprison MH (1971) The distribution of glutamate and total free amino acids inthirteen specific regions of the cat CNS. Brain Res 24:141–148
Johnston MV, McKinney M, Coyle JT (1979) Evidence for a cholinergic projection to neocortex from neurons in the basal forebrain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 76:5392–5396
Jones BE, Beaudet A (1987a) Distribution of acetylcholine and catecholamine neurons in the cat brain stem studied by choline acetyltransferase and tyrosine hydroxylase immunohisto-chemistry. J Comp Neurol 261:15–32
Jones BE, Beaudet A (1987b) Retrograde labeling of neurons in the brain stem followinginjections of (3H) choline into the forebrain of the rat. Exp Brain Res 65:437–448
Jones BE, Moore RY (1977) Ascending projections of the locus coeruleus in the rat. II. Autoradiographic study. Brain Res 127:23–53
Jones BE, Yang TZ (1985) The efferent projections from the reticular formation and the locus coeruleus studied by anterograde and retrograde axonal transport in the rat. J Comp Neurol 242:56–92
Jones EG (1983) The thalamus. In: Emson PC (ed) Chemical neuroanatonmy. Raven, New York, pp 257–293
Jones EG (1985) The thalamus. Plenum, New York, pp 935 Jones EG (1986) Neurotransmitters in the cerebral cortex. J Neurosurg 65:135–153
Jones EG (1987) GABA-peptide neurons of the primate cerebral cortex. J Mind Behav 8: 519–536
Jones LS, Gauger LL, Davis JN (1983) Brain a t-adrenergic receptors: suitability of (1125)HEAT as a radioligand for in vitro autoradiography. Eur J Phar 93:291–292
Jones RSG (1982a) A comparison of the responses of cortical neurones to iontophoretically applied tryptamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the rat. Neuropharmacology 21:209–214
Jones RSG (1982b) Responses of cortical neurones to stimulation of the nucleus raphe medianus: a pharmacological analysis of the role of indoleamines. Neuropharmacology 21:511–520
Jones RSG, Dourish CT (1982) Variation in response to stimulation of central 5-hydroxytryptamine mechanisms in two strains of albino rat. Brain Res 248:172–176
Jones PSG, Olpe H (1984) On the role of baseline firing rate in determining responsiveness of cingulate cortical neurons to iontophoretically applied SP and ACh. J pharm Pharmacol 32:623–625
Jordan LM, Frederickson RCA, Phillis JW, Lake N (1972a) Microelectrophoresis of 5-hydroxytryptamine: a clarification of its action on cerebral cortical neurons. Brain Res 40:552–558
Jordan LM, Lake N, Phillis JW (1972b) Mechanism of noradrenaline depression of corticalneurones: a species comparison. Eur J Pharmacol 20:381–384
Jouvet M (1972) The role of monoamines and acetylcholine-containing neurons in theregulation of the sleep-waking cycle. Ergeb Physiol 64:166–307
Jouvet M, Delorme JF (1965) Locus coeruleus et sommeil paradoxal. C R Soc Biol (Paris) 159:895–899
Jung R (1961) Neuronal integration in the visual cortex and its significance for visual information. In: Rosenblith WA (ed) Sensory communication. Wiley, New York, pp 627–676
Kaas JH, Lin CS, Casagrande VA (1976) The relay of ipsilateral and contralateral retinal input from the lateral geniculate nucleus to striate cortex in the owl monkey: a transneuronal transport study. Brain Res 106:371–378
Kaneko T, Mizuno N (1988) Immunohistochemical study of glutaminase-containing neuronsin the cerebral cortex and thalamus of the rat. J Comp Neurol 267:590–602
Kasamatsu T, Heggelund P (1982) Single cell responses in cat visual cortex to visualstimulation during iontophoresis of noradrenaline. Exp Brain Res 45:317–327
Kasamatsu T, Pettigrew JD (1976) Depletion of brain catecholamines: failure of oculardominance shift after monocular occulsion in kittens. Science 194:206–209
Kasamatsu T, Watabe K, Scholler E, Heggelund P (1983) Restoration of neuronal plasticity in cat visual cortex by electrical stimulation of the locus coeruleus. Soc Neurosci Abstr 9:911
Kaufman LS, Morrison AR (1981) Spontaneous and elicited PGO spikes in rats. Brain Res 214:61–72
Kawamura K, Chiba M (1979) Cortical neurons projecting to the pontine nuclei in the cat. An experimental study with the horseradish peroxidase technique. Exp Brain Res 35:269–285
Kayama Y, Negi T, Sugitani M, Iwama K (1982) Effects of locus coeruleus stimulation on neuronal activities of dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and perigeniculate reticular nucleus of the rat. Neuroscience 7:655–666
Kayama Y, Sumitomo I, Ogawa T (1986a) Does the ascending cholinergic projection inhibitor excite neurons in the rat thalamic reticular nucleus. J Neurophysiol 56:1310–1320
Kayama Y, Takagi M, Ogawa T (1986b) Cholinergic influence of the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus on neuronal activity in the rat lateral geniculate nucleus. J Neurophysiol 56:1297–1309
Kehr W, Lindqvist M, Carlsson A (1976) Distribution of dopamine in the rat cerebral cortex. J Neural Transm 38:173–180
Kelly JS (1982) Electrophysiology of peptides in the central nervous system. Br Med Bull 38:283–290
Kelly JP, Gilbert CD (1975) The projections of different morphological types of ganglion cellsin the cat retina. J Comp Neurol 163:65–80
Kelly JS, Godfraind JM, Maruyama S (1979a) The presence and nature of inhibition in small slices of dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of rat and cat incubated in vitro. Brain Res 168:388–392
Kelly JS, Dodd J, Dingledine R (1979b) Acetylcholine as an excitatory and inhibitory transmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. In: Tucek S (ed) Progress in brain research. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 253–266
Kemp JA (1984) Intracellular recordings from rat visual cortical cells in vitro and the action of GABA. J Physiol (Lond) 349:13P
Kemp JA, Sillito AM (1982) The nature of the excitatory transmitter mediating X and Y cellinputs to the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. J Physiol (Lond) 323:377–391
Kemp JA, Roberts HC, Sillito AM (1982) Further studies on the action of 5-hydroxy-tryptamine in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the rat. Brain Res 246:334–337
Kievit J, Kuypers HGJM (1975) Basal forebrain and hypothalamic connections to frontal andparietal cortex in the rhesus monkey. Science 187:660–662
Kimura H, McGeer PL, Peng JH, McGeer EG (1981) The central cholinergic system studied by choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry in the cat. J Comp Neurol 200:151–201
Kisvarday ZF, Martin KAC, Whitteridge D, Somogyi P (1985) Synaptic connections of intracellularly filled clutch cells, a type of small basket in the visual cortex of the cat. J Comp Neurol 241:111–137
Kisvarday ZF, Cowey A, Somogyi P (1986) Synaptic relationships of a type of GABA-immunoreactive neuron (clutch cell), spiny stellate cells and lateral geniculate nucleus afferents in layer I VC of the monkey striate cortex. Neuroscience 19:741–761
Kitsikis A, Steriade M (1981) Immediate behavioral effects of kainic acid injections into themidbrain reticular core. Behav Brain Res 3:361–380
Koch C (1987) The action of the corticofugal pathway on sensory thalamic nuclei: ahypothesis. Neuroscience 23:399–406
Koch C, Poggio T, Torre V (1982) Retinal ganglion cells: a functional interpretation ofdendritic morphology. Philos Trans R Soc Lond 298:227–264
Köhler C, Swanson LW, Haglund L, Wu JY (1985) The cytoarchitecture, histochemistry andprojections of the tuberomamillary nucleus in the rat. Neuroscience 16:85–110
Komatsu Y, Nakajima S, Toyama K, Fetz EE (1988) Intracortical connectivity revealed by spike-triggered averaging in slice preparations of cat visual cortex. Brain Res 442:359–362
Kosmal A (1981) Subcortical afferents of the prefrontal cortex in dogs: afferents to the medialcortex. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Warsz) 41:339–356
Kosofsky BE, Molliver ME, Morrison JH, Foote SL (1984) The serotonin and norepinephrine innervation of primary visual cortex in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) J Comp Neurol 230:168–178
Krnjevic K (1974) Chemical nature of synaptic transmission in vertebrates. Physiol Rev 54:418–540
Krnjevic K, Phillis JW (1962) Iontophoretic studies of neurones in the mammalian cerebralcortex. J Physiol (Lond) 165:274–304
Krnjevic K, Phillis JW (1963a) Actions of certain amines on cerebral cortical neurones. Br J Pharmacol Chemother 20:471–490
Krnjevic K, Phillis JW (1963b) Acetylcholine sensitive cells in the cerebral cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 166:296–327
Krnjevic K, Phillis JW (1963c) Pharmacological properties of acetylcholine-sensitive cells inthe cerebral cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 166:328–350
Krnjevic K, Schwartz S (1966) Is y-amino butyric acid an inhibitory transmitter? Nature 211:1372–1374
Krnjevic K, Schwartz S (1967) The action of y-aminobutyric acid on cortical neurons. Exp Brain Res 3:320–336
Krnjevic K, Pumain R, Renaud L (1971a) Effects of Ba and tetraethylammonium on cortical neurones. J Physiol (Lond) 215:223–245
Krnjevic K, Pumain R, Renaud L (1971b) The mechanism of excitation by acetylcholine in thecerebral cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 215:247–268
Krnjevic K, Lamour Y, MacDonald JF, Nistri A (1978) Intracellular actions of onoaminetransmitters. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 56:896–900
Kromer LF, Moore RY (1980) A study of the organization of the locus coeruleus projectionsto the lateral geniculate nuclei in the albino rat. Neuroscience 5:255–271
Kuhar M J, Yamamura HI (1975) Light autoradiographic localisation of cholinergic muscarinic receptors in rat brain by specific binding of a potent antagonist. Nature 253:560–561
Lamour Y, Dutar P, Jobert A (1983a) Excitatory effect of acetylcholine on different types of neurons in rat SI somatosensory neocortex of the rat: laminar distribution and pharmacological characteristics. Neuroscience 7:1483–1494
Lamour Y, Dutar P, Jobert A (1983b) Effects of neuropeptides on rat cortical neurons: laminar distribution and interaction with the effect of acetylcholine. Neuroscience 10:107–117
Lamour Y, Dutar P, Rascol O, Jobert A (1986) Basal forebrain neurons projecting to rat frontoparietal cortex: electrophysiological and pharmacological properties. Brain Res 362:122–131
Laurent JP, Cespuglio R, Jouvet M (1974) Délimitation des voies ascendantes de l’activitéponto-géniculo-occipitale chez le chat. Brain Res 65:29–52
Léger L, Wiklund AL (1982) Distribution and numbers of indoleamine cell bodies in the cat brainstem determined with Falck-Hillarp fluorescence histochemistry. Brain Res Bull 9:245–251
Léger L, Sakai K, Touret M, Jouvet M (1975) Delineation of dorsal lateral geniculate afferents from the cat brainstem as visualized by the horseradish peroxidase technique. Brain Res 93:490–496
Lehman J, Nagy JI, Atmadja S, Fibiger HC (1980) The nucleus basalis magnocellularis: the origin of a cholinergic projection to the neocortex in the rat. Neuroscience 5:1161–1174
Lehman J, Struble RG, Antuono PG, Coyle JT, Cork LC, Price DL (1984) Regional heterogeneity of choline acetyltransferase activity primate neocortex. Brain Res 322:361–364
LeVay S (1973) Synaptic patterns in the visual cortex of the cat and monkey. Electronmicroscopy of Golgi preparations. J Comp Neurol 150:53–86
LeVay S, Ferster D (1977) Relay cell classes in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat and theeffects of visual deprivation. J Comp Neurol 172:563–584
LeVay S, Ferster D (1979) Proportion of interneurons in the cat’s lateral geniculate nucleus. Brain Res 164:304–308
LeVay S, Gilbert CD (1976) Laminar patterns of geniculocortical projection in the cat. Brain Res 113:1–20
Leventhal AG (1982) Morphology and distribution of retinal ganglion cells projecting to different layers of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in normal and Siamese cats. J Neurosci 2:1024–1042
Levey AI, Wainer BH, Rye DB, Mufson EJ, Mesulam MM (1984) Choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive neurons intrinsic to rodent cortex and distinction from acetyl-cholinesterase-positive neurons. Neuroscience 13:341–353
Levey AI, Hallenger AE, Wainer BH (1987a) Choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity inthe rat thalamus. J Comp Neurol 257:317–332
Levey AI, Hallenger AE, Wainer BH (1987b) Cholinergic nucleus basalis neurons may influence the cortex via the thalamus. Neurosci Lett 74:7–13
Levitt P, Moore RY (1978) Noradrenaline neuron innervation of the neocortex in the rat. Brain Res 139:219–231
Levitt P, Rakic P, Goldman-Rakic P (1984) Region-specific distribution of catecholamine afferents in primate cerebral cortex: a fluorescence histochemical analysis. J Comp Neurol 227:23–36
Lidov HGW, Grzanna R, Molliver ME (1980) The serotonin innervation of the cerebralcortex in the rat—an immunohistochemical analysis. Neuroscience 5:207–227
Lin JS, Luppi PH, Salvert D, Sakai K, Jouvet M (1986) Neurones immunoreactifs a Thistamine dans Fhypothalamus chez le chat. C R Acad Sci [III] 303:371–376
Lindvall O, Björklund A, Nobin A, Stenevi U (1974) The adrenergic innervation of the rat thalamus as revealed by the glyoxylic acid fluorescence method. J Comp Neurol 154:317–348
Lindvall O, Björklund A, Divac I (1978) Organization of catecholamine neurons projecting tothe frontal cortext in the rat. Brain Res. 142:1–24
Livingstone MS, Hubel DH (1981) Effects of sleep and arousal on the processing of visualinformation in the cat. Nature 291:554–561
London ED, Waller SB, Wamsley JK (1985) Autoradiographic localization of (3H)nicotinebinding sites in the rat brain. Neurosci Lett 53:179–184
Loughlin SE, Foote SL, Fallon JH (1982) Locus coeruleus projections to cortex: topography, morphology and collateralization. Brain Res Bull 9:287–294
Lund JS (1973) Organization of neurons in the visual cortex, area 17, of the monkey (Macacamulatto). J. Comp Neurol 147:455–496
Lund JS (1981) Intrinsic organization of the primate visual cortex, area 17, as seen in Golgi preparations. In: Schmitt FO, Worden FG, Adelman G, Dennis SG (eds) The organization of the cerebral cortex. MIT Press, Cambridge, pp. 105–124
Lund JS, Lund RD, Hendrickson AE, Bunt AG, Fuchs AF (1975) The origin of efferent pathways from the primary visual cortex, area 17, of the macaque monkey as shown by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxides. J Comp Neurol 164:287–304
Lund JS, Henry GH, MacQueen CL, Harvey AR (1979) Anatomical organization of the primary visual cortex (area 17) of the cat. A comparison with area 17 of the macaque monkey. J Comp Neurol 184:599–618
Lund-Karlsen R, Fonnum F (1978) Evidence for glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the corticofugal fibres to the dorsal lateral geniculate body and the superior colliculus in rats. Brain Res 151:457–468
Lysakowski A, Wainer BH, Rye BD, Bruce G, Hersh LB (1986) Cholinergic innervation displays strikingly different laminar preferences in several cortical areas. Neurosci Lett 64:102–108
MacDermott AB, Dale N (1987) Receptors, ion channels and synaptic potentials underlyingthe integrative actions of excitatory amino acids. Trends Neurosci 10:280–283
MacDonald JF, Wojtowicz JM (1980) Two conductance mechanisms activated by applications of l-glutamic, l-aspartic, ldl-homocysteic, iV-methyl-d-aspartic, and dl-kainic acids to cultured mammalian central neurones. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 58:1393–1397
Mackay-Sim A, Sefton AJ, Martin PR (1983) Subcortical projections to lateral geniculate andthalamic reticular nuclei in the hooded rat. J Comp Neurol 213:24–35
Magistretti PJ, Morrison JH (1988) Noradrenaline- and vasoactive intestinal peptide- containing neuronal systems in neocortex: functional convergence with contrasting morphology. Neuroscience 24:367–378
Malcolm LJ, Bruce ISC, Burke W (1970) Excitability of the lateral geniculate nucleus in the alert, non-alert and sleeping cat. Exp Brain Res 10:283–297
Malmfors T (1963) Evidence of noradrenergic neurons with synaptic terminals in the retina of rats demonstrated with fluorescence and electron microscopy. Acta Physiol Scand 58:99–100
Mantyh PW, Kemp J A (1983) The distribution of putative neurotransmitters in the lateralgeniculate nucleus of the rat. Brain Res 288:344–348
Marin-Padilla M (1974) Three-dimensional reconstruction of the pericellular nests (baskets) of the motor (area 4) and visual (area 17) areas of the human cerebral cortex. A Golgi study. Z Anat Entwicklungsgeschichte 144:123–135
Markowitsch HJ, Irle E (1981) Widespread cortical projections of the ventral tegmental areaand other brainstem structures in the cat. Exp Brain Res 41:233–246
Martin KAC, Somogyi P, Whitteridge D (1983) Physiological and morphological propertiesof identified basket cells in the cat’s visual cortex. Exp Brain Res 50:193–200
Mash DC, Potter LT (1986) Autoradiographic localization of Ml and M2 muscarinereceptors in the rat brain. Neuroscience 19:551–564
Mason ST, Fibiger HC (1979) Regional topography within noradrenergic locus coeruleus as revealed by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. J. Comp Neurol 187:703–724
Mates SL, Lund JS (1983a) Neuronal composition and development in lamina 4C of monkeystriate cortex. J Comp Neurol 221:60–90
Mates SL, Lund JS (1983b) Spine formation and maturation of type 1 synapses on spinystellate neurons in primate visual cortex. J Comp Neurol 221:91–97
Mates SL, Lund JS (1983c) Developmental changes in the relationship between type 2synapses and spiny neurons in the monkey visual cortex. J. Comp Neurol 221:98–105
Matsubara J, Cynader M, Swindale NV, Stryker MP (1985) Intrinsic projections within visual cortex: evidence for orientation-specific local connections. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:935–939
Mayer ML, Westbrook GL (1984) Mixed-agonist action of excitatory amino acids on mousespinal cord neurones under voltage clamp. J Physiol (Lond) 354:29–53
Mayer ML, Westbrook GL (1987) The physiology of excitatory amino acids in the vertebratecentral nervous system. Prog Neurobiol 28:197–276
McBride RL, Suttin J (1976) Projections of the locus coeruleus and adjacent pontinetegmentum in the cat. J Comp Neurol 165:265–284
McCance I, Phillis JW, Tebecis AK, Westerman RA (1968) The pharmacology ofacetylcholine excitation of thalamic neurones. Br J Pharmacol Chemother 32:652–662
McCarley RW, Nelson JP, Hobson JA (1978) Ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) burst neurons:correlative evidence for the generation of PGO waves. Science 201:269–272
McCarley RW, Benoit O, Barrionueovo G (1983) Lateral geniculate nucleus unitary discharge in sleep and waking: state- and rate-specific aspects. J Neurophysiol 50:798–818
McCormick DA, Pape HC (1988) Acetylcholine inhibits identified interneurones in the catlateral geniculate nucleus. Nature (Lond) 334:246–248
McCormick DA, Prince DA (1985) Two types of muscarinic response to acetylcholine inmammalian cortical neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:6344–6348
McCormick DA, Prince DA (1986a) Mechanisms of action of acetylcholine in the guinea-pigcerebral cortex in vitro. J Physiol (Lond) 375:169–194
McCormick DA, Prince DA (1986b) Acetylcholine induces burst firing in thalamic reticularneurones by activating a potassium conductance. Nature 319:402–405
McCormick DA, Prince DA (1987) Actions of acetylcholine in the guinea pig and cat medialand lateral geniculate nuclei, in vitro. J Physiol (Lond) 392:147–165
McCormick DA, Prince DA (1988) Noradrenergic modulation of firing pattern in guinea pigand cat thalamic neurons in vitro. J Neurophysiol 59:978–996
McGinty DJ, Harper RM (1976) Dorsal raphe neurons: depression of firing during sleep in cats. Brain Res 101:569–575
McGuire BA, Hornung JP, Gilbert CD, Wiesel TN (1983) Layer 6 cells primarily contact smooth and sparsely spiny neurons in layer 4 of cat striate cortex. Soc Neurosci Abstr 9:617
McLennan H (1983) Receptors for the excitatory amino acids in the mammalian centralnervous system. Prog Neurobiol 20:251–271
McLennan H, Hicks TP (1978) Pharmacological characterization of the excitatory cholinergic receptors of rat central neurones. Neuropharmacology 17:329–334
Mesulam MM, Mufson EJ, Wainer BH, Levey AI (1983) Central cholinergic pathways in the rat: an overview based on an alternative nomenclature (Chl-Ch6). Neuroscience 10:1185–1201
Metherate R, Tremblay N, Dykes RW (1987) Acetylcholine permits long-term enhancement of neuronal responsiveness in cat primary somatosensory cortex. Neuroscience 22:75–81
Meulders M, Godfraind JM (1969) Influence du réveil d’origine réticulaire sur l’étendue des champs visuels des neurones de la région genouillée chez le chat avec cerveau intact ou avec cerveau isolé. Exp Brain Res 9:201–220
Meyer G, Albus K (1981) Spiny stellates as cells of origin of association fibres from area 17 toarea 18 in the cat’s neocortex. Brain Res 210:335–341
Michael J A, Ichinose LY (1970) Influence of oculomotor activities on visual processing. Brain Res 22:249–253
Mitzdorf U (1985) Current source-density method and application in cat cerebral cortex:investigation of evoked potentials and EEG phenomena. Physiol Rev 65:37–100
Mitzdorf U, Singer W (1978) Prominent excitatory pathways in the cat visual cortex (A 17 and A18): a current source density analysis of electrically evoked potentials. Exp Brain Res 33:371–394
Mitzdorf U, Singer W (1979) Excitatory synaptic ensemble properties of the visual cortex of the macaque monkey: a current source density analysis of electrically evoked potentials. J Comp Neurol 187:71–84
Mize RR, Payne MP (1987) The innervation density of serotonergic (5-HT) fibers varies in different subdivisions of the cat lateral geniculate nucleus complex. Neurosci Lett 82:133–139
Montero VM (1986) Localization of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in type 3 cells and demonstration of their source to F2 terminals in the cat lateral geniculate nucleus: a Golgi-electron-microscopic-GABA-immunocytochemical study. J Comp Neurol 254:228–245
Montero VM (1987) Ultrastructural identification of synaptic terminals from the axon of type 3 interneurons in the cat lateral geniculate nucleus. J Comp Neurol 264:268–283
Montero VM, Scott GL (1981) Synaptic terminals in dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus from neurons of the thalamic reticular nucleus A light and electron microscope autoradiographic study. Neuroscience 6:2561–2577
Montero VM, Singer W (1984) Ultrastructure and synaptic relations of neural elements containing glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in the perigeniculate nucleus of the cat. Exp Brain Res 56:115–125
Montero VM, Singer W (1985) Ultrastructure and synaptic relations of neural elements containing glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in the perigeniculate nucleus of the cat. Exp Brain Res 59:151–165
Montero VM, Zempel J (1985) Evidence for two types of GABA-containing interneurons in the A-laminae of the cat lateral geniculate nucleus: a double-label HRP and GABA-immunocytochemical study. Exp Brain Res 60:603–609
Moore RY, Halaris AE, Jones BE (1978) Serotonin neurons of the midbrain raphe: ascendingprojections. J Comp Neurol 180:417–438
Morgan R, Vrbova G, Wolstencroft JH (1972) Correlation between the retinal input to lateral geniculate neurones and their relative response to glutamate and aspartate. J Physiol (Lond) 224:41–42P
Morrison JH, Foote SL (1986) Noradrenergic and serotoninergic innervation of cortical, thalamic, and tectal visual structures in old and new world monkey. J Comp Neurol 243:117–138
Morrison JH, Grzanna R, Molliver ME, Coyle JT (1978) The distribution and orientation of noradrenergic fibers in neocortex of the rat: an immunofluorescence study. J Comp Neurol 181:17–40
Morrison JH, Molliver ME, Grzanna R (1979) Noradrenergic innervation of cerebral cortex:widespread effects of local cortical lesions. Science 205:313–316
Morrison JH, Molliver ME, Grzanna ME, Coyle JT (1981) The intracortical trajectory of the coeruleo-cortical projection in the rat: a tangentially organized cortical afferent. Neuroscience 6:139–158
Morrison JH, Foote SL, Molliver ME, Bloom FE, Lidov HGW (1982a) Noradrenergic arid serotonergic fibers innervate complementary layers in monkey primary visual cortex: an immunohistochemical study. Proc Natl Sci USA 79:2401–2405
Morrison JH, Foote SL, O’Connor D, Bloom FE (1982b) Laminar, tangential and regional organization of the noradrenergic innervation of monkey cortex: dopamine-β-hydroxylase immunohistochemistry. Brain Res Bull 9:309–319
Morrison JH, Magistretti PJ, Benoit R, Bloom FE (1984) The distribution and morphological characteristics of the intracortical VIP-positive cell: an immunohistochemical analysis. Brain Res 292:269–282
Moruzzi G, Magoun HW (1949) Brain stem reticular formation and activation of the EEG. Electroencephalog Clin Neurophysiol 1:455–473
Mountcastle VB, Andersen RA, Motter BC (1981) The influence of attentive fixation upon the excitability of the light-sensitive neurons of the posterior parietal cortex. J Neurosci 1:1218–1235
Mountcastle VB, Motter BC, Steinmetz MA, Duffy CJ (1984) Looking and seeing: the visual functions of the parietal lobe. In: Edelman GM, Gall WE, Cowan WM (eds) Dynamic aspects of neocortical functions. Wiley-Interscience, New York, pp 159–193
Mouret J, Jeannerod M, Jouvet M (1963) L’activité électrique du système visuel au cours de laphase paradoxale du sommeil chez le chat. J Physiol (Paris) 55:305–306
Mufson EJ, Martin TL, Mash DC, Wainer BH, Mesulam MM (1986) Cholinergic projections from the parabigeminal nucleus (Ch8) to the superior colliculus in the mouse: a combined analysis of horseradish peroxidase transport and choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry. Brain Res 370:144–148
Mukhametov LM, Rizolatti G, Seitun A (1970a) An analysis of the spontaneous activity of lateral geniculate neurons and of optic tract fibers in free moving cats. Arch Ital Biol 108:325–347
Mukhametov LM, Rizolatti G, Tradardi V (1970b) Spontaneous activity of neurones ofnucleus reticularis thalami in freely moving cats. J Physiol (Lond) 210:651–667
Mulligan KA, Tôrk I (1987) Sterotonergic axons form basket-like terminals in cerebralcortex. Neurosci Lett 81:7–12
Munson JB (1972) Multiunit activity with eye movements during fast-wave sleep in cats. Exp Neurol 37:446–450
Nagy JI, LaBella LA, Buss M (1984) Immunohistochemistry of adenosine deaminase:implications for adenosine neurotransmission. Science 224:166–168
Nakajima S, Komatsu Y, Toyama K (1988) Synaptic action of layer I fibers on cells in catstriate cortex. Brain Res (in press)
Nathanson J A (1977) Cyclic nucleotides and nervous system function. Physiol Rev 576:157–256
Nelson JP, McCarley RW, Hobson J A (1983) REM sleep burst neurons, PGO waves and eyemovements information. J Neurophysiol 50:784–797
Nistri A, Constanti A (1979) Pharmacological characterization of different types of GAB Aand glutamate receptors in vertebrates and invertebrates. Prog Neurobiol 13:117–235
Noda H (1975) Discharges of relay cells in lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat duringspontaneous eye movements in light and darkness. J Physiol (Lond) 250:579–595
Ogawa T (1963) Midbrain reticular influence upon single neurons in the lateral geniculatenucleus. Science 139:343–344
Ohara PT, Lieberman AR (1985) The thalamic reticular nucles of the adult rat: experimentalanatomical studies. J Neurocytol 14:365–411
Ohara PT, Sefton A J, Lieberman AR (1980) Mode of termination of afferents from the thalamic reticular nucleus in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the rat. Brain Res 197:503–506
Ohara PT, Lieberman AR, Hunt SP, Wu J Y (1983) Neural elements containing glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the rat: immunohisto-chemical studies by light and electron microscopy. Neuroscience 8:189–211
O’Hearn E, Molliver ME (1984) Organization of raphe-cortical projections in rat: aquantitative retrograde study. Brain Res Bull 13:709–726
Olpe HR (1981) The cortical projection of the dorsal raphe nucleus: some electrophysiologicaland pharmacological properties. Brain Res 216:61–71
Olschowka JA, Molliver ME, Grzanna R, Rice FL, Coyle JT (1981) Ultrastructural demonstration of noradrenergic synapses in the rat central nervous system by dopamines-hydroxylase immunocytochemistry. J. Histochem Cytochem 29:271–280
Olszewski J, Baxter D (1954) Cytoarchitecture of the human brain stem. Lippincott, Philadelphia
O’Neill JB, Clarke PBS, Friedman DP, Pert A (1985) Distributions of nicotinic andmuscarinic receptors in monkey cerebral cortex. Soc Neurosci Abstr 11:307
Palacios JM, Kuhar MJ (1980) Beta-adrenergic-receptor localization by light microscopicautoradiography. Science 208:1378–1380
Palkovits M, Zaborszky L, Brownstein MJ, Fekete MIK, Herman JP, Kanyicska B (1979) Distribution of norepinephrine and dopamine in cerebral cortical areas of the rat. Brain Res Bull 4:593–601
Palmer LA, Rosenquist AC (1974) Visual receptive fields of single striate cortical unitsprojecting to the superior colliculus in the cat. Brain Res 67:27–42
Pape HC, Eysel UT (1987) Modulatory action of the reticular transmitters norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytraptamine (serotonin) in the cat’s visual thalamus. Soc Neurosci Abstr 13:86
Paré D, Steriade M, Deschénes M, Oakson G (1987) Physiological properties of anterior thalamic nuclei, a group devoid of inputs from the reticular thalamic nucleus. J Neurophysiol 57:1669–1685
Paré D, Smith Y, Parent A, Steriade M (1988) Projections of upper brainstem reticular cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons of cat to intralaminar and reticular thalamic nuclei. Neuroscience 25:69–86
Parent A, Butcher LL (1976) Organization and morphologies of acetylcholinesterase-containing neurons in the thalamus and hypothalamus of the rat. J Comp Neurol 170:205–226
Parent A, Descarries L, Beaudet A (1981) Organization of ascending serotonin systems in the adult rat brain. A radioautographic study after intraventricular administration of (3H)5-hydroxytryptamine. Neuroscience 6:115–138
Parent A, Paré D, Smith Y, Steriade M (1988) Basal forebrain cholinergic and non-cholinergic projections to the thalamus and brainstem in cats and primates. J Comp Neurol 277:281–301
Parnavelas JG (1986) Morphology and distribution of peptide-containing neurones in the cerebral cortex. In: Emson PC, Rossor MN, Tohyama M (eds) Progress in brain research. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 119–134
Parnavelas JG, Cavanagh ME (1988) Transient expression of neurotransmitters in thedeveloping neocortex. TINS 11:92–94
Parnavelas JG, McDonald JK (1983) The cerebral cortex. In: Emson PC (ed) Chemical Neuroanatomy. Raven, New York, pp 505–549
Parnavelas JG, Kelly W, Franke E, Eckenstein F (1986) Cholinergic neurons and fibers in therat visual cortex. J Neurochem 15:329–336
Pasquier DA, Villar MJ (1982a) Specific serotonergic projections to the lateral geniculatebody from the lateral cell groups of the dorsal raphe nucleus. Brain Res 249:142–146
Pasquier DA, Villar MJ (1982b) Subcortical projections to the lateral geniculate body in therat. Exp Brain Res 48:409–419
Patel BT, Tudball N, Wada H, Watanabe T (1986) Adenosine deaminase and histidinedecarboxylase coexist in certain neurons of the rat brain. Neurosci Lett 63:185–189
Paxinos G, Watson CRR, Emson PC (1980) AChE-stained horizontal sections of the rat brainin stereotaxic coordinates. J Neurosci Methods 3:129–149
Pazos A, Cortes R, Palacios JM (1985) Quantitative autoradiographic mapping of serotoninseceptors in the rat brain. II. Serotonin-2receptors. Brain Res 346:231–249
Pazos A, Palacios JM (1985) Quantitative autoradiographic mapping of serotonin receptorsin the rat brain. I. Serotonin-1receptors. Brain Res 346:205–230
Pearson RCA, Gatter KC, Brodal P, Powell TPS (1983) The projection of the basal nucleus of Meynert upon the neocortex in the monkey. Brain Res 259:132–136
Peters A, Kimerer LM (1981) Bipolar neurons in rat visual cortex: a combined Golgi-electronmicroscope study. J Neurocytol 10:921–946
Peters A, Proskauer C, Ribak CE (1982) Chandelier cells in rat visual cortex. J Comp Neurol 206:397–416
Pettigrew JD, Kasamatsu T (1978) Local perfusion of noradrenaline maintains visual corticalplasticity. Nature 271:761–763
Phillis JW (1971) The pharmacology of thalamic and geniculate neurons. In Rev Neurobiol 14:1–48
Phillis JW, Tebecis AK (1967) The responses of thalamic neurons to iontophoretically appliedmonoamines. J Physiol (Lond) 192:715–745
Phillis JW, Wu PH (1981a) The role of adenosine and its nucleotides in central synaptictransmission. Prog Neurobiol 16:187–239
Phillis JW, Wu PH (1981b) Catecholamine and the sodium pump in excitable cells. Prog Neurobiol 17:141–184
Phillis JW, York D (1967) Cholinergic inhibition in the cerebral cortex. Brain Res 5:517–520
Phillis JW, Tebecis AK, York DH (1967a) The inhibitory action of monoamines on lateralgeniculate neurons. J Physiol (Lond) 190:563–581
Phillis JW, Tebecis AK, York DH (1967b) A study of cholinoceptive cells in the lateralgeniculate nucleus. J Physiol (Lond) 192:695–713
Pollard H, Pachot I, Schwartz JC (1985) Monoclonal antibody against 1-histidinedecarboxylase for localization of histaminergic cells. Neurosci Lett 54:53–58
Potter LT, Flynn DD, Hanchett HE, Kalinoski DL, Luber-Narod J, Mash DC (1984) independent Ml and M2 receptors: ligands, autoradiography and functions. Trends Pharmacol Sci (suppl):22–31
Price JL, Stern R (1983) Individual cells in the nucleus basalis-diagonal band complex have restricted axonal projections to the cerebral cortex in the rat. Brain Res 269:352–356
Purpura DP, McMurtry JG, Maekawa K (1966) Synaptic events in ventrolateral thalamic neurons during suppression of recruiting responses by brainstem reticular stimulation. Brain Res 1:63–76
Raczkowski D, Fitzpatrick D (1989) The organization of cholinergic synapses in the cat’sdorsal lateral geniculate and perigeniculate nuclei. J Comp Neurol, in press
Rainbow TC, Parsons B, Wolfe BB (1984) Quantitative autoradiography of and-adrenergic receptors in rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81:1585–1589
Ramony Cajal S (1899) Estudios sobre la corteza cerebral humana. Corteza visual. RevTrimestr Microgr 4:1–63
Ramony Cajal S (1911) Histologic du Systeme Nerveux de l’Homme et des Vertebres, vol 2. Maloine, Paris
Ramony Cajal S (1922) Studien iiber die Sehrinde der Katze. J Psychol Neurol (Leipzig) 29:161–181
Randic M, Siminoff R, Straughan DW (1964) Acetylcholine depression of cortical neurones. Exp Neurol 9:236–242
Rassipardi BC, Wilson PD, Alvarez FL (1974) Reticular regulation of evoked potentials at the cortex and lateral geniculate nucleus of the unanesthetized squirrel monkey. Exp Neurol 44:282–294
Reader TA (1978) Effects of dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin in visual cortex of cat. Experientia 34:1586–1588
Reader TA (1981) Distribution of catecholamines and serotonin in the rat cerebral cortex:absolute levels and relative proportions. J Neural Transm 50:13–27
Reader TA, Jasper H (1984) Interactions between monoamines and other transmitters in cerebral cortex. In: Chan-Palay V, Palay S (eds) Neurology and Neurobiology. Liss, New York, pp 195–225
Reader TA, Ferron A, Descarries L, Jasper HH (1979a) Modulatory role for biogenic aminesin the cerebral cortex. Microiontophoretic studies. Brain Res 160:217–229
Reader TA, Masse P, Champlain J (1979b) The intracortical distribution of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin in the cerebral cortex of the cat. Brain Res 177:499–513
Ribak CE (1978) Aspinous and sparsely-spinous stellate neurons in the cortex of rats containglutamic acid decarboxylase. J Neurocytol 7:461–478
Ribak CE, Kramer WG (1982) Cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain of the cat havedirect projections to the sensorimotor cortex. Exp Neurol 75:453–465
Robson J A, Hall WC (1975) Connections of layer VI in striate cortex of the grey squirrel (Sciureus carolinensis). Brain Res 93:133–139
Rogawski MA, Aghajanian GK (1980a) Activation of lateral geniculate neurons bynorepinephrine: mediation by an a-adrenergic receptor. Brain Res 182:345–359
Rogawski MA, Aghajanian GK (1980b) Norepinephrine and serotonin: opposite effects on the activity of lateral geniculate neurons evoked by optic pathway stimulation. Exp Neurol 69:678–694
Room P, Postema F, Korf J (1981) Divergent axon collaterals of rat locus coeruleus neurons:demonstration by a fluorescent double labeling technique. Brain Res 221:219–230
Rotter A, Birdsall NJM, Burgen ASV, Field PM, Hulme EC, Raisman G (1979) Muscarinic receptors in the central nervous system of the rat. I. Technique for autoradiographic localization of the binding of (3H)propylbenzylilcholine mustard and its distribution in the forebrain. Brain Res Rev 1:141–165
Rye DB, Wainer BH, Mesulam MM, Mufson EJ, Saper CB (1984) Cortical projections arising from the basal forebrain: a study of cholinergic and non-cholinergic components employing combined retrograde tracing and immunohistochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase. Neuroscience 13:627–643
Rye DB, Saper CB, Lee HJ, Wainer BH (1987) Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus of the: rat cytoarchitecture, cytochemistry, and some extrapyramidal connections of the mesopontine tegmentum. J Comp Neurol 259:483–528
Rustioni A, Schmechel DE, Spreafico R, Cheema S, Cuenod M (1983) Excitatory and inhibitory amino acid putative transmitters in the ventralis posterior complex: an autoradiographic and immunocytochemical study in cats and rats. In: Macchi G, Rustioni A, Spreafico R (eds) Somatosensory integration of the thalamus. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 365–384
Saint Marie RL, Peters A (1985) The morphology and synaptic connections of spiny stellate neurons in monkey visual cortex (area 17): a Golgi-electron microscopy study. J Comp Neurol 233:213–235
Sakaguchi T, Nakamura S (1987) The mode of projections of single locus coeruleus neuronsto the cerebral cortex in rats. Neuroscience 20:221–230
Sakai K (1980) Some anatomical and physiological properties of ponto-mesencephalic tegmental neurons with special reference to PGO waves and postural atonia during paradoxical sleep. In: Hobson JA, Brazier MAB (eds) The reticular formation of the brain. Raven, New York, pp 427–447
Sakai K (1985) Anatomical and physiological basis of paradoxical sleep. In: McGinty DJ, Drucker-Colin R, Morrison A, Parmeggiani PL (eds) Brain mechanisms of sleep. Raven, New York, pp 111–137
Sakai K, Jouvet M (1980) Brainstem PGO-on cells projecting directly to the cat lateralgeniculate nucleus. Brain Res 194:500–505
Sakai K, Petitjean F, Jouvet M (1976) Effects of pontomesencephalic lesions and electrical stimulation upon PGO waves and EMPs in unanesthetized cats. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 41:49–63
Sakakura H (1968) Spontaneous and evoked unitary activities of cat lateral geniculateneurons in sleep and wakefulness. Jpn J Physiol 18:23–42
Sakakura H, Iwama K (1967) Effects of bilateral eye enucleation upon single unit activity ofthe lateral geniculate body in free behaving cats. Brain Res 6:667–678
Saldate M, Orrego F (1977) Electrically induced release of (3H)dopamine from slices obtained from different rat brain cortex regions. Evidence for a widespread dopaminergic innervation of the neocortex. Brain Res 130:483–494
Saper CB (1984) Organization of cerebral cortical afferent systems in the rat. I. Magnocellularbasal nucleus. J Comp Neurol 222:313–342
Saper CB (1985) Organization of cerebral cortical afferent systems in the rat. II. Hypo-thalamocortical projections. J Comp Neurol 237:21–46
Saper CB (1986) Lateral hypothalamic innervation of the cerebral cortex: immunoreactive staining for a peptide resembling but immunohistochemically distinct from pituitary/arcuate a-melanocyte stimulating hormone. Brain Res Bull 16:107–120
Sastry BSR, Phillis JW (1977) Inhibition of cerebral cortical neurons by a 5-hydroxy-tryptaminergic pathway from median raphe nucleus. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 55:737–743
Satinsky D (1967) Pharmacological responsiveness of lateral geniculate nucleus neurons. Int J Neuropharmacol 6:387–397
Satoh K, Fibiger HC (1985a) Distribution of central cholinergic neurons in the baboon (Papio papio). II. A topographic atlas correlated with catecholamine neurons. J Comp Neurol 236:215–233
Satoh K, Fibiger HC (1985b) Distribution of central cholinergic neurons in the baboon (Papio papio) I General morphology. J Comp Neurol 236:197–214
Satoh K, Fibiger HC (1986) Cholinergic neurons of the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus:efferent and afferent connections. J Comp Neurol 253:277–302
Satoh K, Tohyama M, Yamamoto K, Sakumoto T, Shimizu N (1977) Noradrenaline innervation of the spinal cord studied by the horseradish peroxidase method combined with monoamine oxidase staining. Exp Brain Res 30:175–186
Sawai H, Horigiwa K, Fukuda Y (1988) Effects of EEG synchronization on visual responses of the cat’s geniculate relay cells: a comparison among Y, X and W cells. Brain Res 455:394–400
Scarnatti E, Gasbarri A, Campana E, Pacitti C (1987) The organization of nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus neurons projecting to basal ganglia and thalamus: a retrograde fluorescent double labeling study in the rat. Neurosci Lett 79:11–16
Scharfman HE, Sarvey JM (1987) Responses to GAB A recorded from identified rat visualcortical neurons. Neuroscience 23:407–422
Scheibel ME, Scheibel AB (1966) The organization of the nucleus reticularis thalami: a Golgistudy. Brain Res 1:43–62
Scheibner T, Tork I (1987) Ventromedial mesencephalic tegmental (VMT) projections to ten functionally different cortical areas in the cat: topography and quantitative analysis. J Camp Neurol 259:247–265
Schmechel DE, Vickrey BG, Fitzpatrick D (1984) GABAergic neurons of mammalian cerebral cortex: a widespread subclass defined by somatostatin content. Neurosci Lett 47:227–232
Schwark HD, Malpeli JG, Weyand TG, Lee C (1986) Cat area 17. II. Response properties of infragranular neurons in the absence of supragranular activity. J Neurophysiol 56:1074–1087
Sherman SM (1985) Functional organization of the W-, X-, and Y-cell pathways: a review and hypothesis. In: Sprague JM, Epstein AN (eds) Progress in psychobiology and physiological psychology, vol II. Academic, New York, pp 233–314
Sherman SM, Koch C (1986) The control of retinogeniculate transmission in the mammalianlateral geniculate nucleus. Exp Brain Res 63:1–20
Shiosaka S, Shibasaki T, Tohyama M (1984) Bilateral a-melanocyte stimulating hormonergic fiber system from zona incerta to cerebral cortex: combined retrograde axonal transport and immunohistochemical study. Brain Res 309:350–353
Sholl DA (1953) Dendritic organization in the neurons of the visual and motor cortices ofthe cat. J Anat (Lond) 87:387–406
Shotwell SL, Shatz CJ, Luskin MB (1986) Development of glutamic acid decarboxylaseimmunoreactivity in the cat’s lateral geniculate nucleus. J Neurosci 6:1410–1423
Shute CCD, Lewis PR (1967) The ascending cholinergic reticular system: neocortical, olfactory and subcortical projections. Brain 90:497–522
Siggins GR, Gruol DL (1986) Mechanisms of transmitter action in the vertebrate central nervous system. In: Mountcastle VB, Bloom FE (eds) Handbook of physiology, sect 1, vol IV. American Physiological Society, Bethesda MD, pp 1–114
Sillito AM (1975) The contribution of inhibitory mechanisms to the receptive field propertiesof neurones in the striate cortex of the cat. J Physiol (Lond) 250:305–329
Sillito AM (1977) Inhibitory processes underlying the directional specificity of simple, complex and hypercomplex cells in the cat’s visual cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 271:699–720
Sillito AM (1979) Inhibitory mechanisms influencing complex cell orientation selectivity andtheir modification at high resting discharge levels. J Physiol (Lond) 289:33–35
Sillito AM (1986) Conflicts in the pharmacology of visual cortical plasticity. Trends Neurosci 9:301–303
Sillito AM, Kemp A J (1983a) Cholinergic modulation of the functional organization of the catvisual cortex. Brain Res 289:143–145
Sillito AM, Kemp AJ (1983b) The influence of GABAergic inhibitory processes on the receptive field structure of X and Y cells in the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN). Brain Res 277:63–77
Sillito AM, Kemp JA, Berardi N (1983) The cholinergic influence on the function of the catdorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLDN). Brain Res 280:299–307
Singer W (1973) The effect of mesencephalic reticular stimulation on intracellular potentialsof cat lateral geniculate neurons. Brain Res 61:35–54
Singer W (1977) Control of thalamic transmission by corticofugal and ascending reticularpathways in the visual system. Physiol Rev 57:386–420
Singer W (1979) Central-core control of visual cortex functions. In: Schmitt FO, Worden FG (eds) The neurosciences, 4th study program. MIT Press, Cambridge, pp 1093–1110
Singer W, Bedworth N (1974) Correlation between the effects of brainstem stimulation and saccadic eye movements on transmission in the cat lateral geniculate nucleus. Brain Res 72:185–202
Singer W, Tretter F, Cynader M (1976) The effect of reticular stimulation on spontaneous andevoked activity in the cat visual cortex. Brain Res 102:71–90
Skagerberg G, Lindvall O, Bjórklund A (1984) Origin, course and termination of themesohabenular dopamine pathway in the rat. Brain Res 307:99–108
Smith Y, Seguela P, Parent A (1987) Distribution of GABA-immunoreactive neurons in thethalamus of the squirrel monkey (Saimirí sciureus). Neuroscience 22:579–591
Smith Y, Paré D, Deschénes M, Parent A, Steriade M (1988) Cholinergic and non-cholinergic projections from the upper brainstem core to the visual thalamus in the cat. Exp Brain Res 70:166–180
Sofroniew MV, Priestley JV, Consolazione A, Eckenstein F, Cuello AC (1985) Cholinergic projections from the midbrain and pons to the thalamus in the rat, identified by combined retrograde tracing and choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry. Brain Res 329:213–223
Soltesz I, Haby M, Leresche N, Crunelli V (1988) The GABA b antagonist phaclofen inhibits the late K +-dependent IPSP in cat and rat thalamic and hippocampal neurones. Brain Res 448:351–354
Somogyi P (1978) The study of Golgi stained cells and of experimental degeneration under the electron microscope: a direct method for the identification in the visual cortex of three successive links in a nueron chain. Neuroscience 3:167–180
Somogyi P, Cowey A (1981) Combined Golgi and electron microscopic study on the synapses formed by double bouquet cells in the visual cortex of the cat and monkey. J Comp Neurol 195:547–566
Somogyi P, Freund TF, Wu JY, Smith AD (1983a) The section-Golgi impregnation procedure. 2. Immnocytochemical demonstration of glutamate decarboxylase in Golgi-impregnated neurons and in their afferent synaptic boutons in the visual cortex of the cat. Neuroscience 9:475–490
Somogyi P, Kisvarday ZF, Martin KAC, Whitteridge D (1983b) Synaptic connections of morphologically identified and physiologically characterized large basket cells in the striate cortex of cat. Neuroscience 10:261–294
Somogyi P, Freund TF, Kisvarday ZF (1984a) Different types of 3H-GABA accumulating neurons in the visual cortex of the rat. Characterization by combined autoradiography and Golgi impregnation. Exp Brain Res 54:45–59
Somogyi P, Hodgson A J, Smith AD, Nunzi GM, Gorio A, Wu JY (1984b) Differentpopulations of GABAergic neurons in the visual cortex and hippocampus of cat contain somatostatinor cholecystokinin-immunoreactive material. J Neurosci 4:2590–2603
Spehlman R (1971) Acetylcholine and the synaptic transmission of non-specific impulses tothe visual cortex. Brain 94:139–150
Spehlman R, Danieis JC, Smathers CC (1971) Acetylcholine and the synaptic transmission ofspecific impulses to the visual cortex. Brain Res 94:125–138
Staines WA, Daddona PE, Nagy JI (1987) The organization and hypothalamic projections of the tuberomamillary nucleus in the rat: an immunohistochemical study of adenosine deaminase-positive neurons and fibers. Neuroscience 23:571–596
Stanford LR, Friedländer MJ, Sherman SM (1981) Morphology of physiologically identified W-cells in the C laminae of the cat’s lateral geniculate nucleus, J Neurosci 1:578–584
Steinbusch HWM (1981) Distribution of serotonin-immunoreactivity in the central nervoussystem of the rat—cell bodies and terminals. Neuroscience 6:557–618
Steiner FA (1968) Influence of microelectrophoretically applied acetylcholine on the responsiveness of hippocampal and lateral geniculate neurones. Pflügers Arch 303:173–180
Steriade M (1968) The flash-evoked afterdischarge. Brain Res 9:169–212
Steriade M (1969) Physiologie des Voies et des Centres Visuels. Masson, Paris.
Steriade M (1970) Ascending control of thalamic and cortical responsiveness. Int Rev Neurobiol 12:87–144
Steriade M (1978) Cortical long-axoned cells and putative interneurons (with commentaries). Behav Brain Sci 3:465–514
Steriade M, Demetrescu M (1960) Unspecific systems of inhibition and facilitation ofpotentials evoked by intermittent light. J Neurophysiol 23:602–617
Steriade M, Demetrescu M (1966) Post-primary cortical responses to flashes and their specificpotentiation by steady light. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 20:576–590
Steriade M, Demetrescu M (1967) Specific potentiation and its interaction with unspecific effects on the excitability cycle of the visual thalamo-cortical complex. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 22:429–438
Steriade M, Deschenes M (1974) Inhibitory processes and interneuronal apparatus in motor cortex during sleep and waking. II. Recurrent and afferent inhibition of pyramidal tract neurons. J Neurophysiol 37:1093–1113
Steriade M, Deschenes M (1984) The thalamus as a neuronal oscillator. Brain Res Rev 8:1–63
Steriade M, Deschenes M (1988) Intrathalamic and brainstem-thalamic networks involved in resting and alert states. Bentivoglio M, Spreafico R (eds) Cellular thalamic mechanisms. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 37–62
Steriade M, Glenn LL (1982) The neocortical and caudate projections of intralaminar thalamic neurons and their synaptic excitation from the midbrain core. J Neurophysiol 48:352–371
Steriade M, Hobson JA (1976) Neuronal activity during the sleep-waking cycle. Prog Neurobiol 6:155–376
Steriade M, Ionescu D (1967) Specific potentiation of photically evoked activity in the visualcortex. Exp Brain Res 4:256–274
Steriade M, Llinäs R (1988) The functional states of the thalamus and the associated neuronalinterplay. Physiol Rev 68:649–742
Steriade M, Belekhova M, Apostol V (1968) Reticular potentiation of cortical flash-evokedafterdischarge. Brain Res 11:276–280
Steriade M, Apostol V, Oakson G (1971) Control of unitary activities in cerebellothalamic pathway during wakefulness and synchronized sleep. J Neurophysiol 34:389–413
Steriade M, Deschénes M, Wyzinski P, Hallé JY (1974) Input-output organization of the motor cortex during sleep and waking. In: Petre-Quadens O, Schlag J (eds) Basic sleep mechanisms. Academic, New York, pp 144–200
Steriade M, Oakson G, Diallo A (1977) Reticular influences on lateralis posterior thalamicneurons. Brain Res 131:55–71
Steriade M, Deschénes M, Domich L, Mulle C (1985) Abolition of spindle oscillations in thalamic neurons disconnected from nucleus reticularis thalami. J Neurophysiol 54:1473–1497
Steriade M, Domich L, Oakson G (1986) Reticularis thalamic neurons revisited: activitychanges during shifts in states of vigilance. J Neurosci 6:68–81
Steriade M, Domich L, Oakson G, Deschénes M (1987a) The deafferented reticular thalamicnucleus generates spindle rhythmicity. J Neurophysiol 57:260–273
Steriade M, Parent A, Paré D, Smith Y (1987b) Cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons of cat basal forebrain project to reticular and mediodorsal thalamic nuclei. Brain Res 408:372–376
Steriade M, Paré D, Parent A, Smith Y (1988) Projections of cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons of the brainstem core to relay and associational thalamic nuclei in the cat and macaque monkey. Neuroscience 25:47–67
Steriade M, Paré D, Bouhassira D, Deschénes M, Oakson G (1989) Phasic activation of lateral geniculate and perigeniculate thalamic neurons during sleep with ponto-geniculo-occipital waves. J Neurosci 9:2215–2229
Stichel CC, Singer W (1985) Organization and morphological characteristics of choline acetyltransferase-containing fibers in the visual thalamus and striate cortex of the cat. Neurosci Lett 53:155–160
Stone J, Dreher B (1973) Projection of X- and Y-cells of the cat’s lateral geniculate nucleus toareas 17 and 18 of visual cortex. J Neurophysiol 36:551–567
Stone TW (1972) Cholinergic mechanisms in the rat somatosensory cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 225:485–499
Stone TW (1977) Interactions between non-cyclic nucleotides and transmitters on centralneurones. Proc Int Union Physiol Sci 13:721
Stone TW, Taylor DA, Bloom FE (1975) Cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP may mediate oppositeneuronal responses in the rat cerebral cortex. Science 187:845–846
Sur M, Sherman SM (1982) Retinogeniculate terminations in cats: morphological differencesbetween X and Y cells axons. Science 218:389–391
Swanson LW, Hartman BK (1975) The central adrenergic system An immunofluorescence study of the location of cell bodies and their efferent connections in the rat utilizing dopamines-hydroxylase as a marker. J Comp Neurol. 163:467–506
Swanson LW, Teyler TJ, Thomson RF (1982) Hippocampal long-term potentiation:mechanisms and implications for memory. Neurosci Res Prog Bull 20:613–769
Swanson LW, Simmons DM, Whiting PJ, Lindstrom J (1987) Immunohistochemical localization of neuronal nicotinic receptors in the rodent central nervous system. J Neurosci 7:3334–3342
Swartz BE, Woody CD (1979) Correlated effects of acetylcholine and cyclic guanosine monophosphate on membrane properties of mammalian neocortical neurons. J Neurobiol 10:465–488
Swartz BE, Woody CD (1984) Effects of intracellular antibodies to cGMP on responses of cortical neurons of awake cats to extracellular application muscarinic agonists. Exp Neurol 86:388–404
Szentágothai J (1973a) Neuronal and synaptic architecture of the lateral geniculate nucleus. In: Jung R (ed) Visual centers in the brain. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 141–176 (Handbook of sensory physiology, vol VII 3/B)
Szentagothai J (1973b) Synaptology of the visual cortex. In: Jung R (ed) Visual centers in the brain. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 269–324 (Handbook of sensory physiology, vol VII 3/B)
Szentagothai J (1975) The “module-concept” in cerebral cortex architecture. Brain Res 95:475–496
Szerb JC (1967) Cortical acetylcholine release and electroencephalographic arousal. J Physiol (Lond) 192:329–343
Takeda N, Inagaki S, Taguchi Y, Tohyama M, Watanabe T, Wada H (1984) Origin of histamine-containing fibers in the cerebral cortex of rats studied by immunohistochemistry with histidine decarboxylase as a marker and transection. Brain Res 323:55–63
Tebecis AK, DiMaria A (1972) A re-evaluation of the mode of action of 5-hydroxytryptamine on lateral geniculate neurones: comparison with catecholamines and LSD. Exp Brain Res 14:480–493
Thompson AM (1986a) A magnesium-sensitive post-synaptic potential in rat cerebral cortexresembles neuronal responses to N-methylaspartate. J Physiol (Lond) 370:531–540
Thompson AM (1986b) Comparison of responses to transmitter candidates at an N- methylaspartate receptor mediated synapse, in slices of rat cerebral cortex. Neuroscience 17:37–41
Thompson AM (1988a) Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials evoked in thalamic neurones by stimulation of the reticularis nucleus evoke slow spikes in isolated rat brain slices. Neuroscience 25:491–502
Thompson AM (1988b) Biphasic responses of thalamic neurones to gamma-aminobutyricacid in isolated rat brain slices. Neuroscience 25:503–512
Tigges J, Tigges M, Cross NA, McBride RL, Letbetter WD, Anschel S (1982) Subcortical structures projecting to visual cortical areas in squirrel monkey. J Comp Neurol 209:29–40
Tigges J, Walker LC, Tigges M (1983) Subcortical projections to the occipital and parietallobes of the chimpanzee brain. J Comp Neurol 220:106–115
Tork I, Turner S (1981) Histochemical evidence for a catecholaminergic (presumably dopaminergic) projection from the ventral mesencephalic tegmentum to visual cortex in the cat. Neurosci Lett 24:215–219
Torrealba F, Partlow GD, Guillery RW (1981) Organization of the projection from the superior colliculus to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat. Neuroscience 6:1341–1360
Toyama K, Maekawa K, Takeda T (1973) An analysis of neuronal circuitry for two types of visual cortical neurones classified on the basis of their responses to photic stimuli. Brain Res 61:395–399
Toyama K, Matsunami K, Ohno T, Tokashiki S (1974) An intracellular study of neuronalorganization in the visual cortex. Exp Brain Res 21:45–66
Toyama K, Maekawa K, Takeda T (1977a) Convergence of retinal inputs onto visual cortical cells. I. A study of the cells monosynaptically excited from the lateral geniculate body. Brain Res 137:207–220
Toyama K, Kimura M, Shida T, Takeda T (1977b) Convergence of retinal inputs onto visual cortical cells. II. A study of the cells disynaptically excited from the lateral geniculte body. Brain Res 137:221–231
Toyama K, Kimura M, Tanaka K (1981) Cross-correlation analysis of interneuronalconnectivity in cat visual cortex. J Neurophysiol 46:191–201
Ts’o DY, Gilbert CD, Wiesel TN (1986) Relationships between horizontal interactions and functional architecture in cat striate cortex as revealed by cross-correlation analysis. J Neurosci 6:1160–1170
Tsumoto T, Eckart W, Creutzfeldt OD (1979) Modification of orientation sensitivity of catvisual cortex neurons by removal of GABA-mediated inhibition. Exp Brain Res 34:351–363
Tsumoto T, Masui H, Sato H (1986) Excitatory amino acid transmitters in neuronal circuitsof the cat visual cortex. J Neurophysiol 55:469–483
Ungerstedt U (1971) Stereotaxic mapping of the monoamine pathways in the rat brain. Acta Physiol Scand S67:l-48
Van der Kooy D, Kuypers HGJM (1979) Fluorescent retrograde double labeling: axonalbranching in the ascending raphe and nigral projections. Science 204:873–875
Van Dongen PAM (1981) The central noradrenergic transmission and the locus coeruleus: a review of the data and their implications for neurotransmission and neuromodulation. Prog Neurobiol 16:117–143
Vincent SR, Hdkfelt T (1983) Hypothalamic y-aminobutyric acid neurons project to theneocortex. Science 220:1309–1311
Vincent SR, Reiner PB (1987) The immunohistochemical localization of choline acetyltrans-ferase in the cat brain. Brain Res Bull 18:371–415
Vincent SR, Satoh K, Armstrong DM, Fibiger HC (1983) Substance P in the ascendingcholinergic reticular system. Nature 306:688–691
Vizi ES (1980) Modulation of cortical release of acetylcholine by noradrenaline released fromnerves arising from the rat locus coerulus. Neuroscience 5:2139–2144
Wainer BH, Bolam JP, Freund TF, Henderson Z, Totterdell S, Smith AD (1984) Cholinergic synapses in the rat brain: a correlated light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical study employing a monoclonal antibody against choline acetyltransferase. Brain Res 308:69–76
Walker LC, Kitt CA, Delong MR, Price DL (1985) Noncollateral projections to frontal andparietal neocortex in primates. Brain Res Bull 15:307–314
Wamsley JK, Zarbin Ma, Birdsall JM, Kuhar MJ (1980) Muscarinic cholinergic receptors: autoradiographic localization of high and low affinity agonist binding sites. Brain Res 200:1–12
Watanabe T, Taguchi Y, Hayashi H, Tanaka J, Tohyama M, Kubota H, Terano Y, Wada H (1983)Evidence for the presence of a histaminergic neuron system in the rat brain: an immunohistochemical analysis. Neurosci Lett 39:249–254
Watanabe T, Taguchi Y, Shiosaka S, Tanaka J, Kubota H, Terano Y, Tohyama M, Wada H (1984)Distribution of the histaminergic neuron system in the central nervous system of rats; a fluorescent immunohistochemical analysis with histidine decarboxylase as a marker. Brain Res 295:13–25
Waterhouse BD, Woodward DJ (1980) Interaction of norepinephrine with cerebrocortical activity evoked by stimulation of somatosensory afferent pathways in the rat. Exp Neurol 67:30–49
Waterhouse BD, Moisés HC, Woodward DJ (1979) Alpha, beta pharmacological characterization of noradrenergic modulatory actions in rat somatosensory cortex. Soc Neurosci Abstr 5:356
Waterhouse BD, Moisés HC, Woodward DJ (1980) Noradrenergic modulation of somatosensory cortical neuronal responses to iontophoretically applied putative neurotransmitters. Exp Neurol 69:30–49
Watkins JC, Olverman HJ (1987) Agonists and antagonists for excitatory amino acidreceptors. Trends Neurosci 10:265–272
Weber AJ, Kalil RE (1983) The percentage of interneurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat and observations on several variables that affect the sensitivity of horseradish peroxidase as a retrograde marker. J Comp Neurol 220:336–346
Webster MJ, Rowe MH (1984) Morphology of identified relay cells and interneurons in thedorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the rat. Exp Brain Res 56:468–474
White EL, Hersch SM (1982) A quantitative study of thalamocortical and other synapses involving the apical dendrites of corticothalamic projection cells in mouse SmI cortex. J Neurocytol 11:137–157
Williams M, Robinson JL (1984) Binding of the nicotinic cholinergic antagonist, dihydro-ß-erythroidine, to rat brain issue. J Neurosci 4:2906–2911
Wilson JR, Hendrickson AE (1985) Electron microscopic analysis of serotonergic axons in themonkey’s lateral geniculate nucleus. ARVO 26:164, A5
Wilson PD, Rowe MH, Stone J (1976) Properties of relay cells in the cat’s lateral geniculatenucleus: a comparison of W-cells with X- and Y-cells. J Neurophysiol 39:193–1209
Woody CD, Gruen E (1986) Responses of morphologically identified cortical neurons tointracellularly injected cyclic AMP. Exp Neurol 91:596–612
Woody CD, Swartz BE, Gruen E (1978) Effects of acetylcholine and cyclic GMP on inputresistance of cortical neurons in awake cats. Brain Res 158:373–395
Woody CD, Gruen E, Sakai H, Sakai M, Swartz B (1986) Responses of morphologically identified cortical neurons to intracellularly injected cyclic GMP. Exp Neurol 91:580–596
Woolf NJ, Butcher LL (1986) Cholinergic systems in the rat brain. III. Projections from the pontomesencephalic tegmentum to the thalamus, tectum, basal ganglia, and the basal forebrain. Brain Res Bull 16:603–607
Wurtz RH, Möhler CW (1976) Enhancement of visual response in monkey striate cortex andfrontal eye fields. J Neurophysiol 39:766–772
Wurtz RH, Richmond BJ, Newsome WT (1984) Modulation of cortical processing by attention, perception and movements. In: Edelman GM, Gall WE, Cowan WM (eds) Dynamic aspects of neocortical function. Wiley-Interscience, New York, pp 195–217
Yamamoto C (1974) Electrical activity recorded from thin sections of the lateral geniculatebody, and the effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine. Exp Brain Res 19:271–281
Yamamura HT, Vickroy TW, Gehlert DR, Wamsley JK, Roeske WR (1985) Autoradiographic localization of muscarine agonist binding sites in the rat central nervous system with (+)-eis-(3H)methyldioxolane. Brain Res 325:340–344
Yen CT, Conley M, Hendry SHC, Jones EG (1985) The morphology of physiologically identified GABAergic neurons in the somatic sensory part of the thalamic reticular nucleus in the cat. J Neurosci 5:2254–2268
Zieglgänsberger W, Puil EA (1973) Actions of glutamic acid on spinal neurones. Exp Brain Res 17:35–49
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Steriade, M., Paré, D., Hu, B., Deschênes, M. (1990). References. In: The Visual Thalamocortical System and Its Modulation by the Brain Stem Core. Progress in Sensory Physiology, vol 10. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74901-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74901-8_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-74903-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-74901-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive