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Genome Structure and Gene Expression Variation in Plant Mitochondria, Particularly in the Genus Silene

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Evolutionary Biology – Concepts, Biodiversity, Macroevolution and Genome Evolution

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Abstract

The plant mt genomes are highly dynamic. Their evolution is driven by frequent rearrangements and gene transfers, whereas substitution rate is generally slow with several exceptions. The genus Silene (Caryophyllales) represents one of them and exhibits high mutation rate in mt DNA. The gynodioecious species (producing female and hermaphroditic individuals) of this genus show also a high polymorphism in mt DNA due to the balancing selection in favor of various mt genomes in the same population. Thus, Silene species possess plenty of mt markers, which facilitate the study of the impact of mt genome rearrangements on mt gene expression and function. They are also good models for the investigation of functional and evolutionary aspects of heteroplasmy, the situation when two or more organelles with distinct genomes co-occur in the same individual.

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Acknowledgment

I thank Daniel B Sloan from the University of Virginia, USA, for reading the manuscript and very helpful comments. Funding was graciously provided by the grants GA ČR number 521/09/0261 and MŠMT Kontakt ME09035.

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  1. Institute of Experimental Botany v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 223, 165 00, Prague 6, Lysolaje, Czech Republic

    Helena Storchova

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  1. CNRS UMR 6632, Labo. Evolution Biologique et, Université d'Aix-Marseille, place Victor Hugo 3, Marseille CX 03, 13331, France

    Pierre Pontarotti

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Storchova, H. (2011). Genome Structure and Gene Expression Variation in Plant Mitochondria, Particularly in the Genus Silene . In: Pontarotti, P. (eds) Evolutionary Biology – Concepts, Biodiversity, Macroevolution and Genome Evolution. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20763-1_16

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