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Visual-Evoked Potentials

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Monitoring the Nervous System for Anesthesiologists and Other Health Care Professionals

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Abstract

One of the important goals of surgical procedures involving the visual pathways (retina, optic nerve (ON), optic chiasm, optic tracts, lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus, optic radiation, and occipital visual cortex) is the preservation of visual function and in cases of visual impairment, where possible, its improvement (Banoub et al., Anesthesiology 99:716, 2003; Luo et al., PLoS One 10:e0120525, 2015; Houlden et al., J Clin Monit Comput 28:275–285, 2014; Duffau, Acta Neurochir 153:1929–1930, 2011). With these goals in mind, efforts to evaluate and enhance the usefulness of intraoperative monitoring (IOM) of the visual pathways that began in the early 1970s have continued. Since Wright et al. (Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K 93:311–314, 1973) published their report of continuous intraoperative monitoring of visual pathways, utilizing brief flashes of strobe light to evoke electroretinographic (F-ERGs) and visual-evoked potentials (F-VEPs), during orbital surgery, a number of other researchers have strived to evaluate ways in which to monitor the visual pathways in intraoperative settings (Handel, Ann Plast Surg 2:257–258, 1979; Allen et al., Clin Neurosurg 28:457–481, 1981; Grundy, Anesthesiology 58:72–87, 1983; Albright and Sclabassi, J Neurosurg 63:138–140, 1985; Costa e Silva et al., Neurol Res 7:11–16, 1985; Burrows et al., Anesthesiology 73:632–636, 1990; Sloan, Int Anesthesiol Clin 34:109–136,1996; Duffau et al., Acta Neurochir (Wien) 146:265–269, 2004; Benedičič and Bošnjak, Doc Ophthalmol Adv Ophthalmol 122:115–125, 2011;Benedičič and Bošnjak, Acta Neurochir (Wien) 153:1919–1927, 2011; Landi et al., Clin Neurol Neurosurg 113:119–122; 2011; San-Juan et al., Clin Neurol Neurosurg 113:680–682, 2011; Chung et al., Acta Neurochir (Wien) 154:1505–1510, 2012; Ogawa et al., Acta Neurochir (Wien) 155:1879–1886, 2013; Kamio et al., Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 54:606–611, 2014; Padalino et al., Surg Neurol Int 4:40, 2013).

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  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W. Congress Parkway, Jelke 739, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Sandra C. Toleikis M.A. & J. Richard Toleikis Ph.D.

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Correspondence to Sandra C. Toleikis M.A. .

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  1. Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurological Surgery and Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Antoun Koht

  2. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA

    Tod B. Sloan

  3. Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    J. Richard Toleikis

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Toleikis, S.C., Toleikis, J.R. (2017). Visual-Evoked Potentials. In: Koht, A., Sloan, T., Toleikis, J. (eds) Monitoring the Nervous System for Anesthesiologists and Other Health Care Professionals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46542-5_4

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